Notes and Queries 1852-04-17: Vol 5 Iss 129

NOTES ann QUERIES

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FOR

LITERARY MEN, ARTISTS,

ANTIQUARIES

GENEALOGIS’ ETC,

“ When found, make a note of.” — Carrain Currte.

y .
Vou. V.— No. 129. ] SATURDAY,
CONTENTS.
Nores : — Page
An Epitaph in St. a ‘ Cripplegate, possibly by
Milton, by Thomas H. - o - 361
Liability to Error, by fi Corney - e - 362
Baxter's Pulpit, by Cuthbert Bede, "B.A. - 33
jar Stories of the Engiteh Peasantry, No. I. By
. Sternberg - - 363
Foik Lore: — Body and "Soul — Giving Cheese at a
Birth — Sneezing — Marlborough 5th November Cus-
tom — Spectra! Coach and Horses - -
Antiquaries of the Time of Queen E lizabe th - -
The Tredescants and Elias Ashmole, by S. W. Singer -
Minor Notes: — Bothwell’s Burial-piace — Handel's
Organ at the Foundling Hospital — Correction to the
e — Manual of Monumental Brasses ’’— Milton's
Rib-bo - - - .

Queries : —

The Danes in E ngland, by J. J. A. Worsaae e

Minor Queries: — ‘aylor Family — Analysis — Old
Playing Cards — Canongate Marriages — Devil, Proper
Name— Hendurucus du Booys; Helena Leonora de
Sieveri — Can a Clergyman marry himself? &c. -

Mison Quentes ANswerev: — Jacobite Toast — Rev.
Barnabas Oley — Sweet-singers —“ Philip Quaril ” —
Dedication of Middleton Church — Lunatic Asylum
benetited by Dean Swift - - ° °

Repuigs : —
St. Christopher °
“ Rebetour ” and “* Moke,” two obse ure w ords used by
Wycklyffe, a. p. 1384, by! N.L. Benmohel, A.M.
Plague Stones - - - -
Rhymes on Places - - °
Archaic and Provincial W ords -
ion Street Characters - -
Stone Pillar Worship - -
On a Passage in Hamlet, Act 1. Se. 4. -
“ The Man in the Abmenash,* a by § S. W. Singer
Epigram on Dr. Fell
Replies to Minor Queries : — Verses in Prose _ — Stops,
when first introduced — Rev. Nathaniel Spinckes, &c.
MisceLLangous : —
Notes on Books, &c.
Books and Odd Volumes wanted - .
Notices to C >a ereemeedl -
Advertisements - -

seer erenenee

Notes,
IN ST. GILES'’S, CRIPPLEG

SIBLY BY MILTON.

The chief glory of the church of St. Giles, Crip-
plegate, is the possession of Milton's dust. But
this does not constitute its only distinction. It
boasts a magnificent organ, and the most beautiful
epitaph with which I am acquainted. As this last
may be as much of a stranger to many of your
readers as it was to me, and may bestow upon the
curious in such matters some portion of the plea-
sure which its discovery gave me, I venture to
crave for it a nook in your columns. Consider-

Vor. V.— No. 129.

AN EPITAPH ATE, POS-

APRIL 17. 1852.

Price Fourpence.
Stamped Edition, 5d.

ably to the right of the pulpit, at no great dis-
tance, if I recollect aright, to the left of the main
entrance, is a monument to William Staples, a
citizen of London, who died in 1650, whereon is
inscribed the following elegiac couplet

“ Quod cum ceelicolis habitus, pars altera nostri,

Non dolet, hic tantim me superesse dolet.”

Which may be thus Englished :
“That Heaven’s thy home, I grieve not, soul most dear;

I grieve but for myself, the lingerer here.”
Below the inscription are the touching words—

“ Hoc posuit meestissima uxor, Sara.”

Putting aside all partiality for one’s own dis-
covery, I confess that I do not know the fellow of
this epitaph. It realises one’s ideal of an epitaph,
inasmuch as it combines exceeding brevity and
beauty of expression with exceeding fulness of
thought and feeling. Love, sorrow, and faith, be-
reaved affection and trustful piety, find most
ample and exquisite utterance in these two lines.
It has scarcely won the fame to which it is entitled :
I have never met with it in any collection of
epitaphs. The authorship would have done no dis-
honour to Milton himself, to whose place of sepul-
ture it lends, if possible, an additional consecra-
tion. Curiously enough, not merely its singular
excellence, but also its date, and one or two other
circumstances, give some little encouragement to
the idea of Miltonic ownership. The monument
bears the date of 1650, when Milton was in the
fulness of his powers and reputation. He was
especially connected with Cripplegate Church ;
more than one of his many London abodes were in
its neighbourhood. There, in the earlier part of
his London life, during his residence in Aldersgate
Street, he may have often worshipped ; there his
father lay ; there he meant his own sepulchre to
be. He who honoured “the religious memory of
Mrs. Catharine Thomson, my Christian Friend,”

with his most glorious sonnet, would not have dis-

dained to bestow a couplet upon the grief of
another obscure friend. There are, then, certain
presumptions in favour of Cripplegate Church
containing an epitaph by Milton. But it does not
appear in any collection of the works of one who
was so careful of his smallest and most juvenile
productions. This fact, I must confess, is quite

362

strong enough to demolish a likely and pleasing |
fancy. The epitaph, however, though it may not |
be Miltonic, has every possible merit, and may |
find favour with such of your readers as delight in
the literature of tombstones. Tuomas H. Git.

LIABILITY TO ERROR.

As I always strive to be accurate when writing
for the press, an accidental error should not give
me much compunction ; nevertheless, a touch of
the feeling is sure to obtrude itself on such occa-
sions. Even the apprehension of having added to
the mass of current errors gives me a fit of un-
easiness, and having just recovered from an attack
of that description it may not be amiss to report
the case for the benefit of future patients.

When I wrote a memorandum on James Wilson,
in reply to the query of professor De Moreay, I
stated that the united libraries of Pemberton and
Wilson were sold in 1772. Jt was guess-work.

I recollected that the two libraries were sold in
conjunction, but could not recollect the date. On
consulting the printed List of the original cata-
logues of libraries sold by auction by Mr. Baker
and his successors in the years 1744—1828, which
was issued by the firm in the latter year, the date
appeared to be 1757. With that evidence, I penned
a short comment on the remarkable circumstance
of the two learned friends resolving to dispose of
their libraries at the same time, on their surviving
the separation from their beloved books for four-
teen years, and on their dying within about six
months of each other.

Some undefinable suspicions arose in my mind
at this point of the inquiry. Now, the original
sule catalogue is in existence, and accessible on
proper application. I examined it. The sale
ecmmenced on Monday, February the 24th. The
year 1757 is added in manuscript; and, since Pem-
berton and Wilson are described as lately deceased,
it is an undoubted error. So I tore up my senti-
mental scrap, leaving the fragments on the table
for the benetit of autograph collectors, and replaced
it with the six lines which conclude my reply. On
reaching home, I turned to the Chronology of
history: the dominical letter was just what I
wished it to be!
my comfortable sensations.

On a re-examination of my notes, it appeared
thet the united libraries were sold by Baker and
Leigh. Now, according to the above-described
List of catalogues, the partnership between Baker
and Leigh did not take place till 1775. The

shrase lately deceased, applied to Pemberton and
\V"‘Ison, is not very precise; the sale, however,
must have been after 1774. Resolved to pursue
the inquiry, I examined a copy of the catalogue in
the royal library in the British Museum. It is
bo: nd with the catalogue of the library of Edward

Strnley, Esq., secretary to the customs, which was |

sold in February 1776, and follows it. ‘The volume

NOTES AND QUERIES.

, and printed authorities.

The Book of almanacs added to |

[ No. 129,

is lettered 1776. As the libraries of Pemberton
and Wilson were to be viewed on Monday the \7th
I turned to that day in the Stanley sale ; it was

| Monday the 17th. This seemed to prove that the

two collections were sold in the same year. Chro.
nology says otherwise: the Mondoy the 17th of the
Stanley catalogue is an error of the printer; and the
lettering, with regard to Pemberton and Wilson,
is an error of the binder !

Believing, on the evidence above stated, that
the sale was after the year 1774, I came to the
conclusion that it was in 1777 —=in which year
the 24th February fell on Monday. On further
search at home, 1 met with the catalogue in ques-
tion. It is in a volume which was successively in
the possession of Dent and Heber, and contains
the rare Fairfax catalogue; also, A catalogue of
the very valuable library of Phillip Carteret Webi,
Esq., which was sold by Baker and Leigh in 1771.
It now became evident that the libraries of Pem-
berton and Wilson might have been sold by Baker
and Leigh in 1772 ; and on examining the Public
advertiser for that year, I found the sale adver-
tised on Thursday the 20th of February. So!
was right by chance, and in spite of manuscript
Here ends the case.

Another anecdote in connexion with this in-
quiry deserves to be recorded. I had read the
life of Pemberton in the General biographical
dictionary. Chalmers therein states that his
course of lectures on chemistry, “ was published in
1771, by his friend Dr. James Wilson.” I applied
for the volume at the British Museum. By a rare
accident the Scheme for a course of chemistry was
produced instead of the Course of chemistry, and
as the day was far advanced, and copy due, I
gave up the pursuit. On examination, it turns
out that the volume contains a memoir of Pem-
berton in twenty-three pages. Chalmers cites
Hutton and Shaw as his authorities ; and Hutton,
as I conceive, gives the substance of it as his own
composition! Wilson, in this important memoir,
declares that his intimacy with Pemberton was
the greatest felicity of his life. He dates it the
10th Aug. 1771. He died on the 29th of Sep-
tember in the same year.

Wilson remarks, in his previous work, that on
the successful practice of navigation “ depends, in
an especial manner, the flourishing state of our
country.” ‘To this remark no one can refuse
assent. The Dissertation on the history of the art
has fallen into oblivion, because it exists only m4
work which has been superseded by others; but I
venture to express my opinion that a separate
edition of it, with such corrections and additions
as might be required, and a continuation to the
present time, would be a desirable addition to
scientific literature; and that no one would per
form the task with more ability, or more com
scientiously, than professor Dz Morean.

Botton Corsst.

~~ 46 4 4 oh Ow a es eh oe

~~ oe oe &

o_o fee oe ob ~~.

ean oo eh SA & oh oo —

» 129,

nberton
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SORNET.

Aprit 17. 1852.]

BAXTER'S PULPIT.

The pulpit formerly used at Kidderminster
by Richard Baxter, the eminent author of The
Saints Rest, is still preserved there. In _ his
day it stood on the north side of the nave of the

rish church (St. Mary’s), against the second

from the east.
was “repaired, repewed, and beautified,” in the
style of those good old times: when, it being
thought advisable to have a new pulpit built in a

NOTES AND QUERIES.

363

| ation of the present state of the pulpit; when, in

But in 1786, the church |

central situation, Baxter's old pulpit was con- |

demned, and, together with other pieces of carved
work, was offered for sale (!) by the then church-
wardens, as old and useless church furniture. The
churchmen of that day appear to have held the
game opinions as their wardens; so the pulpit
{with the exception of its pedestal) was purchased
by the Unitarians of the place. Their successors
have carefully preserved it, and it now stands in a
room adjacent to their chapel.

The pulpit is of oak: octagonal in its shape,

ornaments, in the well-known style of the
period. Gold letters, inserted in six of the panels,
somewhat ostentatiously informed the congrega-
tion that —

“ALICE * DAWKK * WIDOW * GAVE * THIs.”

On the face of the pulpit, and immediately be-
neath the preacher's desk, is the text :

“ PRAISE * THE * LORD.”
And round the sounding-board are the words :
“o*GIVE ‘THANKS. UNTO * THE * LORD, AND * CALL“

UPON * HIS * NAME. * HIS * WORSHIP * AMONG *

THE * PEOPLE.”

DECLARE

On the oak board at the back of the pulpit is the |

date :

“ anno * 1621.”
surmounted by a projecting crown and cushion of
bold workmanship.
painted on the underside of the sounding-board,
and the entire pulpit bears manifest traces of
having once been adorned with gold and colours.

The octagonal pillar and pedestal on which the
pulpit once stood, now serve to support the floor
of a bookseller’s shop in the High Street.

Within the room where the pulpit is now pre-
served is placed a folio copy of Baxter's work in
four volumes, and an engraving of “the reverend
and learned Mr. Richard Baxter,” taken from the
original picture in the possession of Mr. Fawcett,
formerly of Kidderminster. A handsomely carved
chair, formerly the property of Bishop Hall, is also
placed near to the pulpit.

The mariner’s compass is |

answer to my inquiries, I was told that no one
had even sketched it for many years.
A notice of “ Richard Baxter,” and his 168
publications, oecurs in “ N.& Q.,” Vol. iii., p. 370.
I inclose you an impression from the etching
just referred to. Curnpert Bepe.

POPULAR STORIES OF THE ENGLISH PEASANTRY,
NO. I.

Only a few years before the advent of Ambrose
Merton, it was the sorrowful lament of Picken
that he could find no legendary lore among our
English peasantry. ‘The rapid progress of educa-
tion, according to him, had long ago banished our
household traditions. Want of acquaintance with
the shy and reserved character of John Bull proba-
bly proved a stumbling-block to our collector, for
what a rich harvest has been reaped since his day!
Our mythic treasures, however, are far from being

: : | exhausted ; and if we wish to emulate our brethren
appa decorated with flowers and architec- | of Deutschland, we must do yet more. The popu-

lar tales and legends which abound among our
rural population, are still for the most part ungar-
nered. The folk-tales of the sister kingdoms have
been ably chronicled in the pages of Croker and
Chambers, but our own have been almost entirely
neglected. So much indeed is this the case, that
we have had recourse to Germany in order to
recruit our exhausted nursery literature; and
readers of all sizes devour with avidity the charm-
ing versions of the Messieurs Taylor, few of
them suspecting that stores of like character form

| the sole imaginative lore of their uneducated coun-

trymen.

Some years ago while in the country I made a
practice of noting down the more curious tradi-
tionary stories which came under my notice ; and,
with the kind permission of the Editor, will trans-
fer a few portions of my researches to the columns
of “N. & Q.,” in the hope of inducing some of
your rural correspondents to embark in a similar
design. I am aware that certain antiquaries of
the old régime still entertain doubts as to the
utility of these collections. As vestiges, however,
of primitive fiction, they will interest the philo-
sophical inquirer; while their value as contribu-

| tions to ethnological and philological science has

Can any of your correspondents inform me, if |

a ne of Baxter's pulpit has been pub-
? I have made many inquiries, but have
never met with or heard of one. Three years
since, I etched on the copper a correct represent-

|

‘

been recognised by all writers on the subject.

Premising that these tales, however puerile, are
not associated with any such idea by the people
among whom they were gathered, permit me to
introduce your readers to “ Thoughtful Moll,” in
whom they will trace a remarkable resemblance
to Die kluge Else of Grimm. It is from Ox-
fordshire, and affords no bad specimen of the
facetious class of fables which often enliven the
winter's evening hearth-talk. I have endeavoured
to preserve the narrators’ style and dialect.

364

In a certain village there once lived a young |

woman so extremely noted for prudence and fore-
thought, that she was known among her neigh-
bours as “Thoughtful Moll.” Now this young
lady had a thirsty soul of a sweetheart, who

NOTES AND QUERIES.

dearly loved a drop of October, and one day when |

he came a-wooing to her: “O Moll,” says he, “ fill
us a tot o’yeal, | be most mortal dry.” So Moll
took a tot from the shelf and went down the cellar,
where she tarried so long that her father sent

down her sister to see what had come of her. |

When she got there she found her sister weeping
bitterly. “What ails thee, wench?” said she.
“0!” sobbed Moll, “don’t ye see that stwon in
the arch, that stands out from the mortar like?
Now, mayhaps, when I be married an have a bwoy,

an he comes down here to draw beer, that big |
| always been regarded as an emblem of subtlety.

stwon ‘Il fall down on’m and crush’m.” “ Thought-
ful Moll!” said her admiring sister, and the two
sat down and mingled their tears together. The
drink not being forthcoming, another sister is de-

spatched, and she also stops. Meantime Dob grew |
| bably some mythic connexion between the animals

chafed at the delay, and went down himself to look
after his love and his beer. When he hears the
cause of the stoppage, he falls into a violent rage,

find three bigger fools than herself and sisters.
It is noonday when Dob sets out on his travels;
and the first person he saw was an old woman,
who was running about and brandishing her bon-

[No. 129,

the actors. One of the most common of these
relates to the strife between the fox and the
hedgehog, who, according to the good people of
Northamptonshire, are the two most astute animals
in creation. How a couple of these worthies once
fell out as to which was the swifter animal; and
how, when they had put their speed to the trial,
the cunning urchin contrived to defeat Reynard
by placing his consort in the furrow which was to
form the goal: so that when her mate had made
a pretence of starting, she might jump out and
feign to be himself just arrived. And how, after
three desperate runs, the broken-winded fox fell a
victim to the deceit, and was compelled to yield
to his adversary ; who, ever since that day, has
been his most inveterate enemy. ‘This myth is
curious on many accounts, for the hedgehog has

Grimm gives a tale precisely similar, with the ex.
ception that it is a hare and not a fox who is
deceived by the ruse. Aldrovandus likewise tells
us much on the score of his craft; and it was pro-

which led Archilochus to class them together in

| the adage :
and declares he won't have Moll unless he can |

net in the sunshine: “ What bist at, Dame ?” says |

Dob.
ketchin’ sunshine in this here bonnet to dry me
earn as a’ leased in wet.” “ Mass!” quoth Dob,
“ that’s one fool.” And so on he went till he came
to another Gothanite, who was dragging about the
corn-fields a huge branch of oak. “ What may ye
be a-doin’ wi’ that, Measter?” says Dob. “ Kaint
ye see?” says the man; “I'm a gettin’ the crows
to settle on this branch, they've had a’most all me
crop a’ready.” “The devil you are!” said Dob,
as he went on his way. He meets no one else for
a long time, and almost despairs of completing his
number, when at last he sees an old woman trying
all she could to get a cow to go up a ladder.
“What are ye arter there, Missus?” says he.
“ Dwunt ye see, young mon?” says she; “I'ma
drivin’ this keow up the lather t’eat the grass aff
the thack.” “Deary me!” says Dob, “one fool
makes many.” And so he turned back, and mar-
ried Moll; with whom he lived long and happily,
if not wisely.*

Besides Grimm's version, we meet with a some-
what similar fable in Ireland. Vide Gerald Grif-
fin’s Collegians, p. 139.

Another pretty numerous class of our popular
stories consists of those in which animals are made

* Glossary.— Tot, a mug ; yeal, ale ; leased, gleaned ;
lather, ladder ; thack, thatch,

“Why,” said the old woman; “I'm a!

“TIGAA’ ols GAdarnt, GAA’ Exivos Ev uéya.”
Your readers will also call to mind the fable of
lian, lib. 1v. cap. xviii. T. Srernperc.

FOLK LORE.

Body and Soul.— The other day, in a village in
Huntingdonshire, an unbaptized child was buried.
A neighbour expressed great sorrow for the
mother because “no bell had been rung over the
corpse.” On asking why this circumstance should
be so peculiarly a cause of grief, she told me that
it was “ because when any one died, the soul never
left the body until the church bell was rung.” Is
this superstition believed in elsewhere? And
does it arise from mistaken notions regarding “ the
passing bell,”— the “one short peal” which the
67th canon orders to be rung “after the party's
death ?” Curnsert Bepe.

Giving Cheese at a Birth. —In the county of
Northumberland, not far from the Cheviots, I met
with the following custom. When a woman's
confinem¢ht is near, a cheese is made, which, when
the child is born, is cut into pieces and distributed
among all the houses (without exception) in the
vicinity. If the child is a boy, the pieces of cheese
are sent to the males; if a girl, to the females,
each member of a family receiving a portion.
Visitors also come in for their share. Whence
did this custom arise ? Curusert Beps.

Sneezing. —“ The custom of blessing persons
when they sneeze,” says Brand, “has, without
doubt, been derived to the Christian world, where

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. 129,

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Aprit 17. 1852.]

it generally prevails, from the time of heathenism.”
Jn addition to the interesting notice of the preva-
lence of this custom in Europe, and many remote
of Asia and Africa, given by Brand, I find
traces of it amongst the American tribes at the
jod of the Spanish conquest. In 1542, when
ernando de Soto, the famous conquest-actor of
Florida, had an interview with the Cacique Gua-

NOTES AND QUERIES.

doya, the following curious incident occurred : — |
“In the midst of their conversation, the Cacique |

ed to sneeze,
bowed their heads, opened and closed their arms; and
making their signs of veneration, saluted their prince
with various phrases of the same purport: ‘ May the
sun guard you,’ ‘may the sun be with you,’ ‘may the
sun shine upon you,’ ‘ defend you,’ ‘ prosper you,’ and
the like; each uttered the phrase that came first to his
mind, and for a short time there was a universal mur-
muring of these compliments."— The Conquest of
Frida under Hernando de Soto, by Theodore Irving,
vol. ii, p. 161.

Whence could the natives of the New World
have derived a custom so stkingly similar to that
which the ancients record ? R.S. F.

Perth.

Marlborough 5th November Custom. — At Marl-
borough, Wiltshire, on the 5th of November, two
or three years ago, I noticed a peculiar custom the
rustices have at their bonfires, to which I could
attach no meaning; and I did not, at the time,
inquire of any person there regarding it.

hey form themselves into a ring of some dozen
or more round the bonfire, and follow each other
round it, holding thick club-sticks over their
shoulders; while a few others, standing at dis-
tances outside this moving ring, with the same
sort of sticks, beat those the men hold over their
shoulders, as they pass round in succession, all
shouting and screaming loudly. This might last
half an hour at a time, and be continued at inter-
vals till the fire died out. Can any correspondent
inform me whether this has any meaning attached
to it ? J.S. A.
Old Broad Street.
Spectral Coach and Horses (Vol. iv., p. 195.).—

A similar legend was within a few years current
near Bury St. Edmunds, in the same county,
where on Christmas Eve, at midnight, a coach
drawn by four headless horses, and driven by a
headless coachman, might be seen to come in a
direction from the parish of Great Barton, across
the fields, regardless of fences, and proceed to a
deep hole called “ Phillis’s Hole” near “ the two-
nile spinney,” in the parish of Rongham, and there
nd a resting-place. A few years since, wishing
to learn whether this sight was among the things
still looked for or believed in, I proceeded to the

locality at the time stated, but met with no one |

but a gamekeeper, whom I found to be quite

Upon this, all his attendants |

365

familiar with the legend. He said he had heard
a good deal in his younger days about the “ coach,”
but had never seen it. ‘There was, however, an
old woman then living who had seen it often, and
who declared that the coach was occupied by a
gentleman and a lady, also without heads, but he
did not know what to say to it. All he knew was,
that when a man was out on dark nights, “ he
could draw anything into his eye that he liked!”
Buriensis.

ANTIQUARIES OF THE TIME OF QUEEN ELIZABETH.

I have a copy of Weever'’s Ancient Funerall
Monuments, which once belonged to William Bur-
ton, the historian of Leicestershire; on a fly-leaf
at the end of the volume is the following list in the
autograph of that celebrated antiquary, which,
perhaps, may not be without its interest to the
readers of “N. & Q.” I have appended some

| notes of identification, which I have no doubt

some of your correspondents could easily render
more complete.
“ Antiquarii temp. Eliz. Reg.

1, Recorder Fletewode, 23. Willi Camden.

w. 24. Merc. Patten.

2. Mr. Atey. 25. Samson Erdeswike.

3. Mr. Lambard, Willm. 26. — Josseline.

4. Mr. Cope. 27. Hen. Sacheverell.

5. Mr. Broughton y* 28. W™. Nettleton de
Lawyer. 7 Knocesborough.

6. Mr. Leigh. 29, John Ferne.

7. Mr. Bourgchier. 30. Robt. Bele.

8. Mr. Broughton y* 31. John Savile de Tem-

Preacher.

plo.

9. Mr. Holland, Joseph. 32. Daniell Rogers.
10. Mr. Gartier. 33. Tho. Saville.
11. Mr. Cotton, Robt. 34. Henry Saville.
12, Mr. Thinne, Francis, 35. Rog. Keymis,
13. Jo. Stowe. 36. John Guillim,
14. — Combes. 37. — Dee.

15. — Lloyd, 38. — Heneage.
16. — Strangman. 39. Rich. Scarlet.

learned man and good antiquary,” ob. 1593.
5 ¢

ed. Bliss, i. 598.)

9

Mr. Atey.

7. Hen. Spelman. 40. — Wodhall.
| 18, Arthur Gregory. 41. Dent de Baco Regis.

19, Anth. Cliffe. 42. — Bowyer.

20. Tho. Talbot. 43. Robt. Hare.
| 21, Arthur Goulding. 44, — Harrison, schoolem*,
22, Arthur Agard. 45. — Harrison, minist*.”
1. William Fleetwood, Recorder of London, “a

( Wood,

y. Was this Arthur Atey, Principal of
St. Alban Hall, and Orator of the University of Ox-
ford, who was secretary to the Earl of Leicester,
knighted by King James, and who died in 1604?

3. William Lambarde, the learned author of the
Perambulation of Kent, the first county history at-
tempted in England, died in 1601.

4. Mr. Cope.

5. Mr. Broughton the Lawyer, i.e. Richard BDrough-

366

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[No. 129,

ton, Justice of North Wales, called by Sir John Wynne,
in the History of the Gwedir Family, “ the chief anti-
quary of England.”

6. Mr. Leigh, probably James Leigh, author of
several tracts on heraldry, preserved in Hearne’s Curious |

Discoveries. |

7. Mr. Bourgehier. Query, Sir Henry Bouchier,
afterwards Earl of Bett? or Thomas Bouchier, the |
learned Roman Catholic divine, who died at Rome |
about 1586 ?

8. Mr. Broughton the Preacher. Could this be the |
learned divine Hugh Broughton, author of The Consent |
of Scriptures, born in 1549, ob. 1612?

9. Joseph Holland, a native of Devonshire, an ex-
cellent herald, genealogist, and antiquary, of the Inner
Temple, living in 1617.

10. Mr. Gartier. Sir Gilbert Dethick, Knight of
the Garter, Principal King-at-Arms, who was well |
skilled in antiquities, is perhaps intended. He died in
1584, at eighty-one. Or more probably his son and
successor, Sir William Dethick, Knight, who was one |
of a select number of antiquaries who entered into a |
society in 1593 (the cradle of the present Society of |
Antiquaries). Sir William died in 1612. |

1!. Sir Robert Cotton, the founder of the Cottonian
Library, died im 1631.

12, Francis Thynne, Esq., Lancaster Herald, died
1608. “An excellent antiquary, and a gentleman
painful and well deserving of inis office whilst he lived.”
( Camden. ) |

13. John Stow, author of The Chronicles of England |
and The Survey of London; died in 1605.

14, —- Combes. Query, Thomas Combe, author
of a Book of Emblems, reg. Eliz.

15. — Lloyd, Humphry Lluyd or Lloyd, “a most
noted antiquary, and person of great skill and know-
ledge in British affairs,” ob. 1570. ( Wood.)

16. Mr. James Strangeman, of Hedley Castle,
Essex, cited by Salmon as an Essex antiquary.
( Gough.)

17. The learned Sir Henry Spelman died in 1641.

18. Arthur Gregory, ancestor of the present Arthur
Gregory, of Styvichall in the county of Warwick,
Esq., who possesses some valuable MS, collections of
his ancestor.

19. Anthony Cliffe. In Burke’s Dictionary of the
Landed Gentry, a person of these names is mentioned
as of the city of Westminster in the Elizabethan
period, ancestor of the present family of Cliffe of |
Bellevue, co. Wexford. |

20. Thomas Talbot, “an excellent genealogist, and
well skilled in the antiquities of his country.” Vide
Wood's Athena, ed. Bliss, i. 265.

21. Arthur Golding; the same, I suppose, who
finished the translation of a work concerning The True-
ness of Christian Religion against Atheists, &c., began by
Sir Philip Sidney, and also published other trans-
lations. ( Wood and Gough.)

22. Arthur Agard, styled by Camden “ antiquarius
insignis.” He died in 1615.

23. William Camden, born 1551, ob. 1623.

24. Mercury Patten, Blue-mantle Pursuivant-at- |
Arms, had been patronised by Lord Burleigh; was |
living in the second year of James I.

|

|

bridge still remain.

25. Samson Erdeswike, the historian of Stafford.
shire, died in 1603. “ A very great lover and diligent
searcher of venerable antiquity.” ( Camden.)

26. — Josseline, secretary to Archbishop Parker,
was the author of a short account of Corpus Christi or
Ben'et College, Cambridge, to the year 1569. ( Gough.)

27. Henry Sacheverell, of Ratcliffe-on-Sore, in the
county of Nottingham, Esq. ?

28, William Nettleton de Knocesborough ?

29. John Ferne, author of the Blazon of Gentry, died
about 1610. He was knighted by James I.

30. Robert Bele, secretary to the embassy of Sir
Francis Walsingham at Paris in 1571, Clerk of the
Privy Council, &c.; ob. 1601.

31. Sir John Savile, of the Middle Temple, elder
brother of Sir Henry Savile, died in 1606-7. He was
one of the Barons of the Exchequer.

32. Daniel Rogers, “excellently well learned; one
that was especially beloved by the famous antiquary
and historian W. Camden ;” ob. 1590. ( Wood.)

33. Thomas Savile, younger brother to Sir Henry,
called by Camden “ his right learned friend,” ob. 1592,

$4. Henry Savile. ‘There were two Henry Saviles,
who may either of them be intended ; Sir Henry Savile,
Provost of Eton, who died in 1621-2, or his kinsman

| of the same names, an eminent scholar in heraldry and

He died

antiquities, and other branches of literature.

| in 1617.

35. Roger Keymis. See MSS. Harleian, 5803. and
16,120., for two of his heraldical collections. The former
is dated anno 1609.

36. John Gwillim, gent., the well-known herald,
ob. 1621.

37. Dr. John Dee, the celebrated philosopher of
Mortlake, died in 1608.

38. — Heneage. Query, Sir Thomas Heneage,
Knight ?

39. Richard Searlet, citizen and painter stainer, of
London, temp. Eliz., took some good notes of Christ
Church, Canterbury ( Gough), and was the author of
some heraldical collections now in the British Museam.
(MSS. Harl. 2021.)

40. — Woodhall.

41. — Dent de Banco Regis.

42. William Bowyer, author of A perfecte Kellender
of all the Recordes remayninge in the office of Recordes at
the Towere of Londone, (MS. Harl. 94. 4.)

43. Robert Hare, son of Sir Nicholas Hare, Master
of the Rolls, 1553, of Caius College, Cambridge, col-
lected the charters and privileges of the University in

| three volumes, with a fourth of those relating to the

town only. (Gough.)
44. — Harrison, schoolmaster. John Harrison, phy-

sician, and Vicar of Grantchester, about the middle of

the sixteenth century, was a great historian; many of
his MS, collections relative to the University of Cam-
(Gough. )

45. — Harrison, minister. William Harrison, author

of “Historical Description of the Island of Britain,”
prefixed to Holinshed’s Chronicles, living in 1587, 1,

I suppose, intended.
Sres.

| =

Ser Tre Eset Ss _.

e

as =.

rer Ae Ae eS >

na &

oO

oCUlCUce kh es aw ES +.

- 129,

liligent
Parker,
Tisti or

rough, )
in the

y, died

of Sir
of the

elder
le was

l; one
iquary

lenry,
1592,
aviles,
savile,

y and
> died

3. and
rmer

erald,
er of
eage,

r, of

‘hrist
or of

Aprit 17. 1852.]

NOTES AND QUERIES. 357

THE TREDESCANTS AND ELIAS ASHMOLE,

Dr. Hamel, of whose memoir of the elder Tre-
descant and his voyage to Russia I gave some
secount in Vol. iii., p. 391., being again in England
jst year, pursued with unremitting zeal his re-
garches into the history of the Tredescants, and
has given the results in a short Memoir read
befure the Imperial Academy of Sciences at
Petersburg on the Sth of December last. Having
been favoured with a copy of the memoir, and a
flattering letter from the writer, I think it incum-
bent upon me to add to my former communication
abrief abstract of this interesting paper.

Dr. Hamel first directed his researches toward
an endeavour to develope the means by which Elias
Ashmole became the possessor of the Tredescant
collection ; and naturally expected that he should
be able to trace the document of 1659, upon
which Ashmole rested his claim to the ownership ;
but he could not find any such deed.

He was, however, fortunate enough to trace out
the original Will of John ‘Tredescant the younger,
bearing his seal and signature, made at a subse-
quent date, and formally proved, after his death
in 1662, by his widow Hester. This important
document throws much light upon the transaction

respecting the Museum, and its destination. Dr. |

Hamel was naturally much pleased with this dis-
covery, and rejoiced to see for the first time the
autograph of a man about whom he had so much
interested himself, but was somewhat surprised to
find that the name which has been usually written
Tradescant was uniformly spelt Tredescant in the
body of the Will, as well as in the signature ; the
seal, bearing the same coat of arms given on a
plate in che Catalogue of the Museum, being
placed between the syllable 7’re and descant. This
document runs thus :

“THE LAST WILL AND TESTMANENT OF ME JOHN TREDES-
CANT.
“In the name of God, Amen.

“The fourth day of April in the yeare of our Lord
God one thousand six hundred sixtie-one, I, John
Tredeseant of oath Lambeth in the Countie of Surrey,
Gardiner, being at this present of perfect health, minde,
and memorie, thanks be therefore given to Almightie
God, and ealling to minde the uncertaintie of death,
and being desirous whilst 1 am in a Capacity to settle
and dispose of such things as God of his goodnesse
hath bestowed upon me, doe make and declare this my
last Will and Testament as followeth. First and prin-
cipally I commend and yield my soule inte the hands of
Almighty God my Creator, and my bodie to the Earth
to be decently (according to the quality wherein I have
ued ) interred as neere as can be to my late deceased
Father John Tredescant, and my sonne who lye buried
im the parish Churchyard of Lambeth aforesaid, at the
discretion of my Executrix hereafier named ; hopeing
by and through the meriis, death, and passion of my
ovely Saviour and Redeemer Jesus Christ to have full

| remission of all my Sinnes, and to see my God in the

Land of the Living; and for my temporal! Estate I
doe will, bequeath, and dispose thereof as followeth,
That is to saie, I will that all such debts as shall be
by me justly due and owing to anie person or per-
sons whatsvever at the time of my decease (if anie
such be) shall be truly paid and satisfied, and alter
my Funeral charges shall be defrayed, for the
doving whereof I appoint the summe of tweaty
pounds or thereabouts shall be expended by my
Executrix but not more. Item, | giue and bequeath
upon the condition hereafter mentioned to my
daughter Frances Norman the sume of ten pou ids
of Lawfull money of England, which I will shall be
paid unto her within six moneths after my decease, and
likewise 1 doe forgive her the summe of fourscore
pounds or thereabouts, Principall Money, besides the
Interest thereof which I long since lent her late de-
ceased husband Alexander Norman. Provided that
shee and her husband, if she shall be then againe mur-
ried, give my Executrix a generall release for the same.
Item, I give and bequeath to my two namesakes Robert
Tredescant and Thomas Tredescant, of Walberswick ia
the Countie of Suffolk, to eache of them the summe of
five shillings apiece in remembrance of my loue, and to
every childe or children of them the [said] Robert and
Thomas that shall be liuing at the time of my decease
the summe of two shillings and sixpence apiece. Item,
I give to Mris. Marie Edmonds, the daughter of my
louing Friend Edward Harper, the summe of one
hundred pounds, to be paid unto her after my wife’s
decease ; and in case she die before my said wife, my
will is and I doe hereby giue and bequeath the said
summe of one hundred pounds, after my wife's decea;e,
to my Foure God-children, vizt. Hester, John, Leonard,
and Elizabeth Edmonds, sonnes and duughters of the
said Mris. Mary Edmonds Equally to be diuided
amongst them, share and share alike; and if either of
them die before he, her, or they receiue their share or
portion so to be diuided, then the said share or portion
of him, her, or them so dying to goe and be given
to the survivor and survivors of them, share and share
alike. Item, I doe hereby giue, will, devise and be-

| queath to my Cosin Katharine King, widdow, after

the decease of my wife, the Little House commonly
called the Welshmans house situate in South Lambeth
aforesaid, together with that Little Piece of Ground
now enclosed thereunto adjoyning ; and to her heirs
and assignes for euer. Item, 1 giue, devize, and be-
queath my Closet of Rarities to my dearly beloued
wife Hester Tredescant during her naturall Life, and
after her decease | giue and bequeath the same to the
Universities of Ox!ord or Cambridge, to which of thein
shee shall think fitt at her decease. As for such other
of my friends and kindred as I should nominate for
Rings and smail tokens of my Loue, | leaue that to the
Care of my said wife to bestow how manie and to
whome shee shall think deseruing. The rest and Re-
sidue of all my Estate Reall and persona!] whatsoeuer,
I wholly giue, devize, and bequeath to my deare and
louing wife Hester Tredescant, and to her beires and
assignes for euer. And I doe hereby nominate, ordaine,
constitute, and appoint my said Louing Wife Hester
Tredeseant full and sole Executrix of this my last will

a ee

|

368

and Testament; and I
Mr. Mark Cottle to be Querseers of tliis my last Will
and Testament, and I giue to each of them fortie shil-
lings apiece. Lastly, I doe hereby revoke all Wills by
me formerly made, and will that this onely shall stand
and be my last will and Testament, and no other. In
Wittnesse whereof I the said John Tredescant to this

my present last will and testmant haue set my hand |

and seale the daie and yeare aboue written.
“Joux Tre (L.S.) pescant.

“ Signed, sealed, published, and declared by the said
John Tredescant the Testator, as and for his last Will
and Testament, in the presence of John Scatewell,
Foulk Bignall, Robert Thompson, Jun", Ric. New-
court, Jun", Richard Hoare, Notary Publique.

“ Probatum apud London coram venerabili viro Dio
Williamo Mericke milite Legum Doctore Commis-
sario, ete., quinto die mensis May Anno Domini 1662,
iuramento Hestore Tredescant, Relicte dicti defuncti
et Executricis, etc.”

It will be recollected that Ashmole, in his
Diary, says —

“ Decem. 12, 1659. Mr. Tredescant and his wife
told me they had been long considering upon whom to
bestow their close of curiosities when they died, and at
Jast resolved to give it unto me.”

Two days afterwards (on the 14th) they had
given their scrivener instructions to prepare a
deed of gift to that effect, which was executed by
Tredescant, his wife being a subscribing witness
on the 16th, as Ashmole records with astrological
minuteness, “5 hor. 30 minutes post meridian.”
On May 30th, 1662, little more than a month after
John Tredeseant’s death, he records —

“This Easter term I preferred a bill in Chancery
azainst Mrs. Tredeseant, for the rarities her husband
had settled on me.”

Dr. Hamel succeeded in finding the protocols in
this suit among the records of the Court of Chan-
cery, in which Ashmole sets forth, that in Decem-
ber, 1659, he visited the Tredescants in South
Lambeth, and that he was entertained by Tredes-
cant and his wife with great professions of kindness.
That Mrs. Tredescant told him that her husband
had come to the determination to bequeath to him
“ the rarities and antiquities, bookes, coynes, me-
dalls, stones, pictures, and mechanicks contained in
his Closett of Raryties, knowing the great esteeme
and value he put upon it.” That ‘Tredescant
himself had afterwards said to him, that in ac-
knowledgment of his (Ashmole’s) previous trouble
concerning the preparation of the catalogue of his
museum and gardens*, he purposed to do so, and
that in effect Ashmole and Mrs. Tredescant, as
long as she lived, should enjoy it together. Ash-
mole also says, Tredescant had made it a condition

* In the preface to the catalogue the assistance of
two friends is mentioned ; it appears that the other was
Dr. Thomas Warton,

NOTES AND QUERIES.

doe desire Dr. Nurse and

[No. 129,

that he should, after Mrs. Tredescant's decease
pay a certain Mary Edmonds, or her children, ene
nundred pounds sterling. That he did then ae
tually let a deed be prepared, by which he made
over to him his collection of every kind of curiosities
of nature and art within or near the house (Ash-
mole here cunningly includes the botanic garden);
Mrs. Tredescant was to have the joint proprietorship,
and nothing was to be abstracted from the collection,

This deed Tredescant had, on the 16th of De.
cember (1659), confirmed under his hand and seal,
Mrs. 'Tredescant fetched a Queen Elizabeth's milled
shilling, which Tredescant handed over to him, to.
gether with the conveyance, and thereby he came
into possession of the collection.*

Mrs. Tredescant had signed the deed as witness ;
but, when Ashmole was about to leave the house,
she had requested him to leave it with her, as she
wished to ask some of her friends whether, by
having signed it as witness, her right as joint pro-

rietress of the collection might not be diminished.

Le left the document with her, in expectation that
it would soon be restored to him, but this was
never done. Now, after the death of Tredescant,
she maintains that her husband never made such a
conveyance ; but the truth is she has burnt or
destroyed it in some other manner.

Against this Mrs. Tredescant refers to her hus-
band’s last will and testament of the 4th of May,
1661, by which all previous dispositions of his pro-
perty, of whatever kind, were declared invalid, and
strongly urges that the museum was expressly be-
queathed to her and her alone, with the stipula
tion that she should leave it either to the University
of Oxford or to that of Cambridge. And she adds,
that she had determined to leave it to the Univer-
sity of Oxford.

I must not now further tresp uss upon your space;
you shall have the sequel for your next Number.

S. W. Srncer.

Manor Place, So. Lambeth.

Minor Notes.

Bothwell’s Burial-place. — Bothwell was im-
prisoned in Seeland, in the castle of Draxholm,

* Ashmole says, “ It was not thought fit to clogge
the deed with the payment of the said hundred pounds
to Mrs. Edmonds cr her children, to the end that
the same might better appear to be a free and generous
gift, and therefore the consideracion cf the deed was
expressed to be for the entire affeccion and singular
esteeme the said John Tredescant had to him ( Ash-
mole), who he did not doubt would preserve and aug-
ment the said rarities for posterity.” He declares that
he will pay the money ; and in his Diary we find that
after Mrs, Tredescant’s death, in 1678, he pays to 4
Mrs. Lea, probably one of the daughters of Mrs. Ed-
monds, one hundred pounds.

Que

oa © ee = eet eo

oa&s @ e- aso bed a &

ee a o& a

‘a & & tel

|

0. 129,

decease,
ren, One
hen ac
e made
Tiosities
e (Ash.
arden);
torship,
lection,
of De.
nd seal,
$ milled
him, to-
ie came

ritness ;
house,
, 28 she
ier, by
nt pro-
nished.
on that
‘is was
escant,
such a
rnt or

r hus-
P May,
is pro-
id, and
sly be-
tipula-
versity
4 adds,
niver-

space ;
aber.
NGER.

3 im-
holm,

clogge
ounds
1 that
\erous
d was
ular
Ash-
aug-
s that
! that
to a

. Ed-

Aprit 17. 1852. NOTES AND QUERIES. 369

now called Adelersborg, near the town of Holbek.
He died there, and was buried in the neighbour-
ing village church of Faareveile, where I in vain
have searched for this tomb or coflin. An old
coflin, half opened, standing between several other
old coffins in a vault below the floor of the church,
certainly was said, according to tradition, to
contain the body of Bothwell, but no inscriptions
or other signs proved the truth of it

J.J. A. Worsaar.

Handel's Organ at the Foundling Hospital. —
Itis generally understood that the organ in the
chapel of this Institution was the gift of Handel.
That great musician conducted a concert of sacred
music upon the opening of the chapel in 1749, and
superintended the annual performance of his ora-
torio, “ The Messiah,” from 1751 to 1759. In his
will he left to the charity “a fair copy of the
score, and all its parts,” of the same oratorio;
which score is still preserved, and has furnished
the editor of the new edition, lately produced by
the Handel Society, with several new and impor-
tant readings.

Dr. Burney, in his “ Sketch of the Life of

Handel,” prefixed to his Account of the Comme- |

moration, 4to., 1785, says, “The organ in the
chapel of this [7. e. the Foundling] hospital was a
present from Handel.” But how are we to recon-
cile this statement with the following, which I find
in the European Magazine tor February, 1799:
“Handel did not give the organ to the Foundling
Hospital. It was built at the expense of the charity,
under the direction of Dr. Smith, the learned Master

of Trinity College, Cambridge, who added demitones, |

&e., and some of the niceties not occurring in other
organs,”
Epwarp F. Ruweacrr.
Correction to the “ Oxford Manual of Monu-
mental Brasses.” — Permit me to correct an error
in the above carefully compiled and useful manual.
On p. 15. of the “ Descriptive Catalogue” a brass
is described, No. 32. of their collection, to “ Ed-
ward Peach, 1439;” no place is mentioned in
connexion with this brass. The notice should
stand thus :
“1839. Edward Peach, S. Chad’s (R.C.) Church,
Birmingham,

_ “Hie jacet dmus Edwardus Peach quondam rector
istius eeclesie qui obiit die Nativitatis Beate Marie
Virginis Anno Domini milessimo pcccxxx1x,” &c.
_ The brass is so well designed and executed, that
it might easily pass for an old example. By some
error “ saicte” has been printed for “ Beate,”
“millessimo” for “ milessimo,” and “cccc” for
“pece” in the Oxford version of the inscription.
W. Sparrow Simpson, B.A.

Milton's Rib-bone. —In Vol. v., p- 275., mention

is made of Cromwell's skull; so it may not be out

of place to tell you that I have handled one of
Milton’s ribs. Cowper speaks indignantly of the

| desecration of our divine poet's grave, on which

shameful occurrence some of the bones were clan-
destinely distributed. One fell to the lot of an old
and esteemed friend, and between forty-five and
forty years ago, at his house, not many miles from
London, I have often examined the said rib-bone.
That friend is long since dead; but his son, now
in the vale of years, lives, and I doubt not, from
the reverence felt to the great author of Paradise
Lost, that he has religiously preserved the precious
relic. It might not be agreeable to him to have
his name published ; but from his tastes he, being
a person of some distinction in literary pursuits, is
likely to be a reader of “ N. & Q.,” and if this
should catch his eye, he may be induced to send
you some particulars. I know he is able to place
the matter beyond a doubt. 3. B.

Pembroke.

Queries.
THE DANES IN ENGLAND.

Since I arrived in England my friend Mr.
Thoms has called my attention to the following
Note by the “ English Opium Eater” in the Lon-
don Magazine for May, 1823, p. 556., on a subject
of creat interest to me with reference to the views
[ have advanced in my recently published volume,
entitled An Account of the Danes and Norwegians
in England, Scotland, and Ireland.

“TIT take this opportunity of mentioning a curious
fact which I ascertained about twelve years ago, when
studying the Danish. The English and Scotch philo-
logists have generally asserted that the Danish invasions
in the ninth and tenth centuries, and their settlements
in various parts of the island (as Lincolnshire, Cum-
berland, &c. ), had left little or no traces of themselves
in the language. ‘This opinion has been lately re-
asserted in Dr. Murray’s work on the European lan-
guages, It is, however, inaccurate. For the remark-
able dialect spoken amongst the lakes of Cumberland
and Westmoreland, together with the names of the
mountains, tarns, &c., most of which resist all attempts
to unlock their meaning from the Anglo-Saxon, or any
other form of the Teutonic, are pure Danish, generally
intelligible from the modern Danish of tiis day, but in
all cases from the elder form of the Danish. When-
ever my Opera Omnia are coilected, I shall reprint a
little memoir on this subject, which I inserted about
four years ago in a provincial newspaper: or possibly,
before that event, for the amusement of the lake tourists,
Mr. Wordsworth may do me the favour to accept it as
an appendix to his work on the English Lakes.”

Can any reader of “N. & Q.” refer me to the
paper in which this “ little memoir” was inserted ?
(it was probably in a Cumberland or Westmore-
land paper somewhere about the year 1819;) or

ii

f
4

370

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[No. 129,

inform me whether it ever appeared as an appendix |

to any work of Wordsworth’s on the English lakes?
J. J. A. Worsaag.

Minor Queries.

Taylor Family.— A great favour would be
ecnferred by any Worcestershire correspondent
who could furnish any information as to the family,
arms, place of burial, of Samuel Taylor, who was
Mayor of Worcester in 1731-32, and again in
1737. Are any descendants or connexions still
resident in that neighbourhood ? The information
is required for genealogical purposes.

E. S. Tayror.

Analysis. —1Ts algebra rightly termed analysis ?
Edgar Poe, a very queer American author, main-
tains the negative : he also enters into the question
as to whether games of skill and chance are useful
to the analytical powers, and gives the preference
to draughts over chess, and to whist over either.

But he seems to think the chief applications of

analysis are to the interpretation of eryptographies,
the disentanglement of police puzzles, and the
solution of charades!
There is, however, plausibility in his theory that
a good analyst must be both poet and mathemati-
cian. This is Ruskin’s “ imagination penetrative :”
such a faculty belonged to the minds of Verulam
and Newton, of Kepler and Galileo. I do not,
however, see the necessity of Ruskin’s threefold
division of the “ imaginative faculty.”
“imagination analytic and creative ” suffice ?
Mortimer Cortrns.

Old Playing Cards.—In 1763 Dr. Stukeley
exhibited to the Antiquarian Society a singular
pack of cards, dating before the year 1500. They
were purchased in 1776, by Mr. ‘Tutet, and on his
decease they were bought by Mr. Gough. In
1816 they had passed into the possession of Mr.
Triphook, the bookseller. Query, where are they
now ? Epwarp F, Rimpavtt.

Canongate Marriages.— According to the New-
gate Calendar, vol. ii. p. 269., there seems to have
existed, about the year 1745, a sort of Gretna
Green in the Canongate of Edinburgh. It is long
since I read that famous work, but I made an
excerpt at the time, which is as follows :

“Tt was customary for some of the ministers of the
Church of Scotland, who were out of employment, to
marry people at the ale-houses, in the same manner
that the Fleet marriages were conducted in London.
Sometimes people of fortune thought it prudent to
apply to these marriage brokers; but, as their chief
business lay among the lower ranks of people, they
were deridingly called by the name of ‘ Buckle the
Reggars.’ Most of these marriages were solemnized
at public-houses in the Canongate.”

Would not

, Wiltshire Avon.

This statement “comes in such a questionable
shape,” and from so “questionable” a quarter,
that really one cannot be blamed for questioning
it. Surely the ministers referred to must have
been men deprived of their charges? Can any
correspondent of “ N. & Q.” speak to this subject?
Iam certain that the Scottish clergy of that age

| would never have suffered any Buckle the Beggars

to rank with them as regular preachers, though
“ out of employment.” R.S.F,
Perth,

Devil, Proper Name. — Will any of your cor.
respondents kindly inform me whether there are
any persons now existing of the name of Devil;
or who bear the devil on their coat of arms? In
1847 I saw upon the panel of a carriage in London
the devil's head for a crest. To what family does
this belong? “Robin the Devil” is mentioned in
Rokeby, cant. vi. st. 32. The following is from the
Monthly Mirror, August, 1799:

“ Formerly there were many persons surnamed ‘the
Devil.’ In an ancient book we read of one Rogerius
Diabolus, Lord of Montresor.” “An English monk,
Willelmus, cognomento Diabolus. Again, Hughes le
Diable, Lord of Lusignan. Robert, Duke of Nor.
mandy, sou of William the Conqueror, was surnamed
*the Devil.” In Norway and Sweden there were two
families of the name of ‘ Trolle,’ in English, ‘ Devil;’
and every branch of these families had an emblem of
the devil for their coat of arms. In Utrecht there was
a family called * Teufel’ (or Devil); and in Brittany
there was a family of the name of * Diable.’”

W. R. Deere Satmox.

Hendurucus du Booys; Helena Leonora de
Sieveri. — Their portraits engraved by Cornelius
Vischer from paintings by Vandyke. Who were
they ? G. A.C.

Can a Clergyman marry himself ?—TIf a clergy-
man were to perform the marriage service in his
own case, would it be valid? Has such an oc-
currence ever been known? Constant Reaper.

Ground Ice.— Has any satisfactory explanation
been given of the mode in which the peculiar sub-
stance termed ground ice is formed in certain
rivers. Iam most familiar with it as seen in the
It is seen in some rivers in Lin-
colnshire, where I am told it is called ground-gru.
One who has noticed it in the Teviot says, that the
inhabitants there call it “sludge.”

The fact of ice being formed at the bottom of
streams, where we should expect a higher t m-
perature, is so curious an anomaly, that it would
be desirable to collect instances where and at what
depths it is observed. J.C.E.

Astrologer-Royal.— 1 remember, in a former
volume of “N. & Q.,"” some mention is made ot
Almanacks, Astrologers, &c. It escaped me at
the time to tell you that the ancient office of

. 129,

a

ionable
arter,
oning
‘t have
an any
abject ?
‘at age
eggars

though
tL. SP,

ir cor.
re are
Devil;
3? Tn
sondon
ly does
med in
om the

d ‘the
ogerius
monk,
zhes le
f Nor.
named
re two
Devil ;’
rlem of
ore was
rittany

LMON,
ra de

nelius
» were
A.C.
lergy-
in his
in OC
-ADER.

nation
r sub-
ertain
in the
) Lin-
d-gru.
at the

tom of

t m-
would
+ what
C.E.
ormer
ide of
me at

ice of

Aprit 17. 1852.)

NOTES ‘AND QUERIES.

371

King’s Astrologer happens not to have been sub-
tected to formal abolition, and, being hereditary,
it is now vested in the person of Mr. Gadbury,
resident at Bristol. He is auctioneer to the Court
of Bankruptcy, and a very worthy man.
me there is neither salary nor privilege attached to
his nominal post. b. B.
Pembroke.
Tilliam, second Duke of Hamilton.—Can any of
our numerous correspondents inform me if there
jsany monumental inscription, or other memorial,
dedicated to the memory of William, second Duke
of Hamilton, who expired on the 12th of Septem-
ber, 1651, from the effects of a wound received at
the battle of Worcester on the 3rd of the same
month? He was interred before the high altar

jn Worcester Cathedral, having died at the Com- |

mandery in that city; but there is neither
“storied urn or animated bust ”

asa record of his sepulture within that venerable
pile.

In making an inspection of the Commandery,
an old building, probably once belonging to the
Knights Templars, I was gravely told, and my in-
formant even showed me the very spot beneath
the floor of one of the rooms, in which, as tradition
points out, he is said to have been buried.

J. B. Wurrsorns. |

The Ring Finger. — Having observed various
remarks on the ring finger in your last volume, I
shall be much obliged if you can give me any in-
formation on the subject. As a lady of my ac-

uaintance has had the misfortune to lose that
den, it has been said that she cannot be legally
married in the Church of England in consequence,

and had better, if ever solicited, cross the border |

to Scotland to make the marriage binding.
A Rive.
Bishop of London's Palace in Bishopsgate. —
Historians agree that King Henry VIL, on his ar-
rival in London after the battle of Bosworth, took
up his residence for a few days at the Bishop of
London's palace, and Bacon tells us * this me: Ao
was in Bishopsgate Street. Can any of your
readers inform me where it stood ? .G,

Earls of Clare (Vol. v., p. 205.).—Can H.C. K., |

who appears to have access to an old pedigree of
this family, answer any of the following Queries ?

1. Which was the Richard Earl of Clare whose
daughter married William de Braose, who was
starved to death at Windsor in 1240?

2. Who was Isabel de Clare, who married Wil-
liam de Braose, grandson of the above ?

3. Who was Alice, daughter of Richard Earl of
Clare, who married William third Baron Percy ?

[* Where? Our correspondent should have given
the reference, — Ep. ]

He tells |

| 4. Who was Mabel, daughter of an Earl of
| Clare, who married Nigel de Mowbray, a baron at
| the coronation of Richard I. ?
5. Who was de Clare, treasurer of the
church of York, living between 1150 and 1200?
E. H. Y.

Lothian's Scottish Historical Maps.—

Ptolemy's Scotland, a.n. 146.

Richard’s Ditto, a.p. 446.

Roman Ditto, a.p. 80 to 446.

Pictish Ditto, a.v. 446 to 845.

Picts and Scots Ditto, a.p. 843 to 1071.

Sheriffdoms, Earldoms, and Lordships of
the 15th Century.

Highlands in Clans, 1715-45.
Prince Charles Stuart.

Track of

I should be glad to hear where this progressive
| series, or any of them, might be met with. I un-
derstand it was considered a very complete Atlas
of Scotland in the olden times; but on applying
to my Edinburgh bookseller, I was informed they
were out of print. I think they bear date 1834,
and I should think the plates are still in existence.
They were said to be very accurate, and the price
was under a pound. They were published by
John Lothian, formerly Geographer and Map
Publisher, Edinburgh. ELGINENSsIS.

Sally Lunn. — Partial to my sweet tea-cake, I
often think when eating it of Sally Lunn, the
pretty pastrycook of Bath, to whose inventive
genius we are said to be indebted for this fari-
naceous delicacy. Is anything known of Sally
Lunn ? is she a personage or a myth ?

Sureiter Hisserp.

“ Bough- House.” — At the late assizes for the
county of Suffolk, the witnesses in two separate
| cases spoke of a “ bough-house,” and the explana-
tion given was, that certain houses where beer, &c.
was sold at fair-time only had boughs outside to
indicate their character. As an illustration of the
familiar proverb, “Good wine needs no bush,” and
as the word does not occur in Forby's Glossary of
East Anglia, it may perhaps deserve a place.

Buriensts.

Dyson's Collection of Proclamations. — The
curious collection of old proclamations, &c., in the
library of the Society of Antiquaries is sometimes
| referred to as Dyson's, sometimes as Ames's. Was
Dyson the original collector? and, if so, when did
he live? Epwarp F. Rimpavtt.

“ The Hour and the Man.” —Can any of your
correspondents inform me what is the origin of this
expression? It occurs in Guy Mannering, and
printed in Italics, but not within inverted commas.
Is it a quotation ? T. D.

Minor Queries Answered.
Jacobite Toast. —

“ God bless the King, I mean the Faith’s Defender.
God bless—no harm in blessing — the Pretender ;
Who that Pretender is, and who is King.
God bless us all—that’s quite another thing.
Can any of your readers say who is the author

of the above ?

”

party spirit !" were spoken extempore by the celebrated
John Byrom, of Manchester, a Nonjuror, but better
known as the inventor of the Universal Short Hand.
They will be found in his Miscellaneous Poems, vol. i.
p. 342. edit. 1773.}

Rev. Barnabas Oley.— The part played by this

active and loyal clergyman, who was deprived of

his vicarage of Great Gransden in Huntingdon-
shire during the interregnum, is generally known
to readers of the early history of that period.
Walker, who has a notice of him (Sufferings of the
Clergy, p. 141.), says he died in 1684, but does
not tell us whether he was married or not. I be-
lieve he was, and left descendants ; and the object

of this Query is to ascertain what were the names

of his children, and with whom they intermarried.
D.
Rotherfield,

[ We do not think Barnabas Oley was ever married,
as his will, preserved among Bishop Kennett's Col-
lections, does not mention either wife or children among
the legacies to “his near kindred and blood His
will, with its codicils, are curious documents, and
ought to be printed. See the Lansdowne MSS.,
No. 988. fol. 94. ]

Sweet-singers. —Swift says, in his Abstract of

Coilins, “ Why should not William Penn the
Quaker, or any Anabaptist, Papist, Muggletonian,
Jew, or Sweet-singer, have liberty to come into
St. Paul’s church?” Wanted, some historical no-
tice of the Sweet-singers. A.N.

[ Timperley, in his Dictionary of Printing, has the
following note respecting them: “ May 27, 1681. The
Sweet-singers of the city of Edinburgh renounce the
printed Bible at the Canongate tolbooth, and all un-
chaste thoughts, words, and actions, and burn all story
books, ballads, romances, &c.”]

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[No. 129,

Liber Regis, in Wright’s Essex, nor in Lewis's
Topographical Dictionary.

W. Sparrow Srpsoy,

[The indefatigable Newcourt, in his Repertorium,

| vol. ii. p. 418., was unable to give the dedication, and

G. M. B. |

[ The above lines, “ intended to allay the violence of

has left a blank for it to be supplied by some future
antiquary. |

Lunatic Asylum benefited by Dean Swift. —
Which of the lunatic asylums benefited by the
“ will” of Dean Swift ; either founded or endowed
by the bulk of his property ?— Vide Memoirs,

Sampson Low, Jun.

169. Fleet Street.

[St. Patrick's, or Swift's Hospital, for the recention
of lunatics and idiots, situated near Dr. Steevens’s
Hospital, adjoining to James Street, Dublin. It was
opened in 1757. For some account of it see Scott's
“ Memoir of Dean Swift,” Works, vol. i. pp. 438, 527.)

Replies.
ST. CHRISTOPHER.
(Vol. v., p. 295.)
Some years ago I remember meeting with the
following explanation of the beautiful legend of

St. Christopher, and unfortunately forgot to take
a Note of it. It recurred to my mind on lately

| reading Mr. Talbot’s work on English etymologies,

the writer of which appears to take a similar view
of the allegorical meaning.

Part of the legend is founded on the meaning of
the Greek Xpropepwy, coupled with a circum-
stance in the original legend, which is of German

| origin, and is an allegorizing of our blessed Lord's

|

bearing the sins of the world, and offering himself
up on the altar of the cross. In a Latin docu-
ment of A. p. 1423, the name is abbreviated into
X"poferus ; in an English one of the same date it
is spelt Christopfore ; and in French, Christopfre.

| Christopfer signifies Christ's sacrifice : that is, the

sacrifice of the cross continually offered up in the
sacrament of the altar, or the mass, the messopfer,
so named from the German opfer, a sacrifice;

| Welsh offeiriad, a priest; offrwm, a sacrifice;
| offeren, the mass ; Irish, otfrionn, or aifrionn.

“ Philip Quarll.”— Did a Mr. Bicknell write

Philip Quaril ?
books? Is there a recent edition of Philip Quarll ?
and, if not, why not? E. C. R.

Sunderland.

[ Lowndes states that this work has been “ frequently
reprinted.” The only editions known to usare the first
in 1727, and the one published in a series by Harrison
and Co, in 1781, The editor's initials are P. L.]

Dedication of Middleton Church.— What is the
dedication of the little church at Middleton, Essex
(near Sudbury, Suffolk) ?

Was he the author of any other |

The perfection of our blessed Lord’s humanity,
His resistance of evil, and mighty strength dis-
played in bearing the sins of the universe, are
shadowed out in the great stature and vast
strength of the giant Christopher. According to

| the legend, when he had succeeded in reaching
| the shore, and had set down his burden, he said:

“ Chylde, thou hast put me in grete peryll, thou

| wayest alle most as I had had the world upon me;
I might bere no greater burden;” and the child

I cannot find it in the

answered, “ Christopher, marvel thou nothing, for
thou hast not only borne all the world upon thee,

,

but its sins likewise.”

:
off
f

wel

“Rp

Wis's
SON,
ium,

and
ture

the
wed

Jun.

ition
ens's

ott’s
on }
ra)

J

the
l of
ake
tely
les,

1ew
z of

nan
rd’s
self
cus
into
e it
fre.
the
the
fer,
ce 5
ce 5

ity,
lis-
are
past
r to
ing
id :
nou
ne ;
aild
for
ee,

Apri 17. 1852.

Mr. Talbot says, the name Christopher, Christ-
offer, may have been given to children born on
Good Friday, the day of the Great Sacrifice, as
those born on Christmas, Easter, and All Saints
were named Pascal, Noel, ‘Toussaint. JarirzBera.

“geneTouR” AND “ MOKE,” TWO OBSCURE WORDS
USED BY WYCKLYFFE, A.D. 1584.

(Vol. i., pp. 155. 278.)
I. Renerovr,

(See the Three Treatises, published by Dr. Todd,
Dublin, 1851. Text, pages rb, prot and [pb ; Note
on Rehetours, p. clxxi—ii. )

It is certain that Monastery and Minster were
originally one word in Latin; it is generally be-
lieved that Rhythm and Rhyme were one in
Greek ; and it is possible that Rehetour and Caterer
had one prototype in Spanish: of this last pair
only one survived ; it is naturally that which, by
being equal to the other in sense, excels it in
harmony with the English tongue.

Convinced that the office assigned to the Rehe-
tours in the lordly household could not have been
filled by any such character as ascribed to the
Rehateur, Reheater, or Rehaiteur ; convinced, more-
over, that the Scottish Rehator, Rehaioure, and the
English Rehetour must be either both restored to
their common kindred, or else consigned to com-
mon oblivion, I chose the former alternative ; and
after a careful inquest held on these twin found-
lings, together with Rehete, Reheting, two other
departed strangers of the same age, I venture to
pronounce the following verdict :—

1. A native of Spain, Regatero (see Stephen's
Spanish Dictionary, 1726, and all that is said about
Regaton in the Diccionario of the Academy, Ma-

drid, 1737, folio), travelling in Great Britain, |

changed to Rehetour, Rehator, &c.

2. By trade a retailer of provisions, huckster,
or purveyor, his character strongly partook of
the nature of his commodities, so as to become
tainted; this appears from the quotations in Ja-
mieson's Etym. Dictionary, and is attested by the
Spanish proverb, Ni compres de Regaton, ni te des-
cuides en meson: Wycklyffe in all three passages
expresses his apprehension of “ harm.” The French
regrattier from gratter (to scratch, scrape), and
Regatero, Regaton, from gato (a cat), whether
they be, or be not, truly thus derived, bear equally
marks of a contemptible impression. .

3. In Wycklyffe's simile the Rehetours take care
of the bodily, the ecclesiastics of the spiritual
food, the Pope being the steward of the house-
hold, The Scottish Rehatour we find no longer as
an ordinary plain dealer, but in a state of de-
pravity, so as to be a mere byeword, even in the

NOTES AND QUERIES.

sense of blackguard, which word itself, if we believe

373

Nares (see his Glossary) that it owes its existence
to those menials of the court, cannot have been
barely “a jocular name,” but their disposition
must have corresponded to their black exterior,
otherwise the joke could not have remained a
lasting stigma. I believe, however, the word
blackguard, by inserting the 7, merely simulates a
vernacular origin, it being properly Beguards (see
Boiste, Dictionnaire Universel), from Beghardus
(see Medieval Glossaries), once a German par-
ticiple bekdrt (now bekehrt), converted, applied
to the Frater conversus, secular begging monks
who, increasing in number and misdeeds, soon
became universally notorious, and ultimately
(mixed up with impostors who assumed their
dress) would serve in any capacity rather than
the honest and irreproachable.

4. If Caterer proceeded from the Spanish, it
arrived thus—Recatero—Recaterer—Caterer; the
ce for g being either the natural result from the
accent which the majority of speakers withdrew
from the latter syllable of the word, or is ac-
counted for by “ Recatear lo mismo que regatear : a
the derivation from re and cautus, as given by Co-
varrubias, likewise protects the c.

5. It is possible that the primitive root Kat or
Gat, in the sense of hollow, hole, cavity, cave, &c.,
whence Gate, Cot, Cottage, Cattegat (Sinus Co-
danus), probably also Regatta, was the first element
of both the Spanish and the English term; the
spot or situation where the eatables were originally
exposed for sale thus causing them first to be
called cates (a plural noun like wages), then the
singular cate, &c., the noun of agent having most
probably preceded the verb cater, which has come
last. A similar derivation is certain with regard
to huckster, which, besides huckeback, joins the
Swedish hikare, German Héker, &c., from the
bending, crooked, or squatting position in some
brook or crook or corner.

6. The verb Rehete is aptly derived by Jamieson
from Rehaiter ; both are extinct, yet their kindred
heiter (formerly hatter), with its two verbs erheitern
and aufheitern, are still in full vigour among the
Germans, to whom they afford serenity of mind,
mood, and weather. ‘The French compound word
for wishing, sowhaiter, refers its verb haiter to the
Swedish heta, German heissen, Anglo-Saxon hetan,
as in Ulf het areran cyrice, “Ur bid rear the
church” (see Latham, Engl. Lang. 1850, p. 99.) :
now if also from the haiter of that compound we
may suppose a derivative Rehaiter, or at least
one of the kind to have served Chaucer in his
participle Reheting, which has been the puzzle of
his commentators in the following passage from
Troilus (ILI. line 350.) :

“ And all the reheting of his sikes (sighs) sore,

At ones fled, he felt "hem no more;”
we may easily understand thereby that, as it were,
a rebidding, an importunate insisting upon, the

374

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[No. 129,

repetition of his sighs, ceased and were at an end ; so
that in the time of Edward III. a person com-
plaining of a troublesome cough, headache, &c.,
might call it a reheting cough, &c.
II. Moxe.
(See the said Three Treatises, pages cyyybii, and Notes,
pages cexx, ccxxiii —iv. )

Wyckliffe using the possessive “ their moke,” not
the mere “a,” as we would say, I would not give
“a pin,” “a button,” &c., together with the evi-
dence of the Irish muc, and the obsolete German
Mocke, which has been defined “Sus fceminea,

qu ob feetus alitur,” hardly leaves a doubt that |

he means that animal, which may be traced also in
the words muck, mucky, &c. The reader may
judge for himself by the following passage :—

“ Crist gave his life for hise brether, and so rewled
hise shepe; thei wolen not gyue her moke to help
here nedy brethern, but leten here shep perishen,
and taken of hem.”

In allusion to their not feeding their flock, but

suffering their sheep to perish, he prefers to men- |

tion an eatable object.
2. Trinity College, Dublin.

[Me. Bexmonet is wrong in supposing the word
Beghard to signify bekehrt, conversus, and to be a name
given to the Fratres Conversi of monasteries, who, by
the way, were not “ secular begging monks,” nor neces-
sarily monks at all.
convent, could be enrolled amongst its fratres or sorores,
entitled to the prayers of the monks, and to a share of
their superabundant merits; and, being clothed at his
death in the habit of the order, was a frater conversus,

Another class of conversi were lay monks (not neces. |

sarily begging monks), who attended on the other monks,
and performed certain lay duties in monasteries. Ma,
Bexmouet will see some account of them in Dr. Todd's
Introduction to the Book of Obits and Martyrol. of
Christ's Church Cathedral, Dublin, p. xxvii.

The Beghards, on the other band, were not, properly
speaking, monks at all, inasmuch as they were not
under any monastic vow. They professed poverty,
and lived on alms generally; but in other respects
their mode of life was various, and their orthodoxy
and morality very doubtful. They are generally de-
nounced by the eeclesiastical authorities ; and, except in
some few places and under certain regulations, were
never recognised by the Church. The best account of
them will be found in Mosheim’s posthumous and un-
finished treatise, De Beghardis et Beguinis. The name
is evidently, as Mosheim shows, a compound of beg
(from the old Saxon beggen, mendicare) and hard, or
Aart, a servant, famulus, servus: the same word which
we still use in the composition of such words as shep-
herd, cow-herd, swine-herd. So that Beghard is not

otherwise different from our word beggar, than in so far |

as it was formerly applied to a religious sect.

Mr. Bexmouet’s explanation of Rehetour is very in- |
His inter- |

genious, and may very possibly be true.
pretation of Muck is not so satisfactory. }

N. L. Benmonet, A.M. |

Any person, by a donation to a |

| PLAGUE STONES.
(Vol. v., p. 226.)

At the bottom of a street leading from Bury
St. Edmunds to the Newmarket road, stands an
octagonal stone of Petworth marble with a hole in
it, which is said to have been filled with water or
vinegar in the time of the small-pox in 1677, for

ople to dip their money in on leaving the market.
| What truth may attach to the traditionary use
of the stone I know not; but the stone is the base
of across called St. Peter’s Cross, and the hole is
the socket for the shaft. Burtensis,

Are the stones mentioned by your correspondent
J.J. 8. as plague stones anything more than the
“holy stones” common at the meeting of old cross
roads in Lancashire, and perhaps other counties?
The square hole in them is surely nothing more
than the socket in which the way-side cross was
formerly placed. Perhaps, however, he is speak-
ing of a different and less common kind of stone,
in which case, if a list is made, it must be by some
| competent person, able to distinguish the one from

| the other. ) I

In compliance with the suggestion of J. J.S.,
| I may note that what I suppose (since reading
his communication in “ N. & Q.”) to be a “plague
stone” is to be seen close to Gresford in Den-
bighshire. I met with it last summer, and could
not then imagine what it could be. It is a large
hexagonal (I think) stone, with a round cavity on
the top, which certainly was full of water when I
| passed it. This cavity is pretty deep, and the stone
must be nearly three feet high, by from two to
three across. I regret I made no measurements
of it. It is situated about a quarter of a mile
from the town on the road to Wrexham, under
a wide-spreading tree, on an open space where
three roads meet. Should this be seen by any
| Gresfordite, perhaps he would send you a more
accurate description of this stone, with any legend
that may be attached to it. G. J. B.G.

RHYMES ON PLACES.
(Vol. v., p. 293.)

Notwithstanding his name, which appears to
indicate northern origin, your correspondent W.
Fraser may possibly be unacquainted with Robert
Chambers's amusing work, entitled Popular Rhymes
of Scotland, which contains numerous verses om
both places and families, besides other curious
| matter. E.N.
The following doggrel I have heard in Surrey:

“ Sutton for good mutton,

Cheam for juicy beef,

Croydon for a pretty girl,

And Mitcham for a thief.”

|

A. A.D,

; a on

go

inte
ind
fror
exa
Tre
Che
to I

ears to
lent W.
Robert
Rhymes
rses on
curious

E.N.

yurrey :

A. A. D,

Apnit 17. 1852.]

I bez to contribute the inclosed, which I have
beard from a former incumbent of the parish of
Sutton Long in Somersetshire.

«Sutton Long, Sutton Long, at every door a tump of
dung.
Some two; some three; it’s the dirtiest place that
ever you see.”
It was an ancient saying in the parish, and I be-
lieve the word tump is Somersetshire for heap.
A village in Essex, called Ugley, possesses the
unfortunate saying :
“ Ugly church, ugly steeple ;
Ugly parson, ugly people.”
The first line is literally true; to give an opinion
on the second would descend too much into per-
sonalities. Meraovo.
A particularly appropriate rhyme is that of
“ Stow on the Wold ( Would ?)
Where the wind blows cold.”
S. L. P.
Oxford and Cambridge Club.

ARCHAIC AND PROVINCIAL WORDS.
(Vol. v., pp. 173. 196. 250.)

Provincial Words. — Though the Rev. Wm.
Barnes has almost perfectionated the catalogue
of Dorset provincialisms in the Glossary to his
beautiful poems in the Dorset dialect, I still some-
times meet with a stray omission, viz. :

Blasty. To feed a fire with the dust of furze, &c.

Clean-sheaf. Altogether, e.g. “ I've clean-sheaf var-
got.”

Crudelee.

Eickered.

Giblets.

To crow, as a baby does,
Blotchy.
The smaller pieces of a shirt.
Scousse. ‘To barter.
Sayche. Eager; ready to snap at.
Squeapity. ‘To squeak, as an ungreased wheel.
Stump. Disturbance.
Treaden, ‘The sole of the foot.

C. W. B.

In addition to the names already given, the fol-
lowing occur to my mind : —

Spelling. Pronunciation.
Alwalton Allerton
Caldicott Hunts - - 4 Cawcott
Overton Orton
Brewood, Staffordshire - Brood

Chaddesley, Worcestershire - Chaggeley.

} In connexion with this inquiry, would it not be
lateresting to make out a list of proper names of
individuals, the pronunciation of which is different
from the spelling; and, if possible, to trace (for
example) how Trevelyan and St. John became
‘revethlan and Sinjin, and the high-sounding
Cholmondeley sank, in the bathos of pronunciation,
to plain Chumley ? Curusert Bepe, B.A.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

375

The Word “ Pick.” —Presuming that the proposal
at Vol. v., p. 173., involves the discussion and illus-
tration of the words inserted, allow me, as a Lan-
cashire man, to express my belief that the word
pick has invariably the sense of “ to throw,” and
not “to push.” It is in fact another form of the
verb “to pitch ;” the two terminations being almost
convertible, especially in words formed from the
Saxon, as “ fetch” from “ feccean,” “ stitch” from
“ stician,” “thatch” from “theccan,” the earlier
form of the latter word being retained in the well-
known lines of “Bessy Bell and Mary Gray.”
Pick, in the sense of “ throw,” will be found in
Shakspeare’s Henry VIII, Act V. Se. 3.:

« T'll pick you o'er the pales.”
And in Coriolanus, Act I. Se. 1.:
“ As high as I could pick my lance.”

And see the notes of the various commentators on
these passages. If the subject be worth further
illustration, I may mention that in the district of
the cotton manufacture, the instrument by which
the shuttle is thrown across the loom is called a
picker ; and each thread of the woven fabric, being
the result of one throw of the shuttle, is, by using
the word in a secondary sense, called a pick. {
have heard a story of a worthy patron of the Arts,
more noted for his wealth than his taste, who,
attributing a certain freedom of touch in a pic-
ture, for which he had given a commission, to a
want of due pains in elaboration, expressed his
dissatisfaction by saying, “there were not the
right number of picks to the inch ;” the threads of
calico, when received from the weaver, being
usually counted under the microscope as a test of
the goodness of the work. J. F. M.

North Lincolnshire Provincialisms (Vol. v.,
pp. 173. 250.). — I have noted the following North
Lincolnshire provincialisms since the appearance

of Mr. Raw.inson’s suggestion : —

Peat. A bundle of flax.

Blower. A winnowing machine.

Bumble. A rush used to make the seats of chairs.
Bun, The stalk of hemp.

Casson. Cow-dung.

Charking. The wail lining a well.

Heigh Words used in driving pigs.

Connifolde. To cheat; to deceive.

Coul Rake, An instrument used to scrape mud from
roads.

Dozel. A toppen; a ball placed on the highest
point of a corn-rick,

Feat. Clever.

Fingers-and-toes. Turnips are said to go to fingers
and toes when instead of forming bulbs they branch
off into small knotty substances.

Gizen. ‘To stare vacantly.
Grave. To dig turf.
Gyme._ A breach in a bank.

eee

NOTES AND QUERIES.

[ No. 129,

Hales, The handles of a plough.
Hethud. A viper.

Kedge. Trash; rubbish.

Kelp. The handles of a pail,

Ketlack. Wild mustard.
Kittlin, A kitten.
Lew. A word used in driving geese.

Livery. Sad; heavy; said of treshly-ploughed soil.
Mizzen. To stupify ; to make dizzy.

Meant. Meaning of.

Nobut, Only.

Nout. Nothing.

Nozzel, The spout of a pump.

Rate. To revile.

Cankered; said of wood.

Snail-shelley.

Tod. Dung.
K. P. D. E.

LONDON STREET CHARACTERS.
(Vol. v., p. 270.)

I believe more than one of the courts to be
haunted by persons who may have suggested
Mr. Dickens's “ Little Old Lady.” More than
twenty years ago a female of about fifty was a
constant attendant on the Court of Queen's Bench
in Banco: I never saw her at a Nisi Prius sitting.
She was meanly but tidily dressed, quiet and un-
obtrusive in manners, but much gratified by notice
from any barrister. It was said she had been
ruined by a suit, but [ could not learn anything
authentic about her; though I several times spoke
and listened to her, partly from curiosity and
partly from the pleasure which she showed at
being spoken to. Her thoughts seemed fixed
upon the business of the day, and I never ex-
tracted more than, “ Will they take motions ?
—Will it come on next ?—L hope he will bring it
on to-day!” but who was “ he,” or what was “ it,”
I could not learn; and when I asked, she would
pause as if to think, and pointing to the bench, say,
“That's Lord Tenterden.” I have seen her rise,
as about to address the court, when the judges
were going out, and look mortified as if she felt
neglected. I cannot say when she disappeared,
but Ido not remember having seen her for the last
eight years.

{ have heard that an old woman frequented
Doctors’ Commons about seven years ago. She
appeared to listen to the arguments, but was re-
served and mopish, if spoken to. She often threw
herself in the way of one of the leading advocates,
and always addressed him in the same words:
* Dr. » L am virgo intacta.”

The sailor-looking man described by Charles
Lamb lasted a long time. I remember him in
Fleet Street and the Strand when I was a boy,
and also an account which appeared in the news-
papers of his vigorous resistance when appre-
hended as a vagrant; but I cannot fix the dates.

I think, however, it was about 1822. His portrait
is in Kirby’s Wonderful and Eccentric Museum,
vol. i, p. 331. Below it is, “ Samuel Horsey,
aged fifty-five, a singular beggar in the streets of
London.” The date of the engraving is August 30,
1803. As the accompanying letter-press is not
long, I copy it:

“ This person, who has so long past, that is to say,
during nineteen years, attracted the notice of the public,
by tlie severity of his misfortunes, in the loss of both
his legs, and the singular means by which he removes
himself from place to place, by the help of a wooden
seat constructed in the manner of a rocking-horse, and
assisted by a pair of crutches, first met with his calamity
by the falling of a piece of timber from a house at the
lower end of Bow Lane, Cheapside. He is now fifty.
five years of age, and commonly called the King of the
Beggars: and as he is very corpulent, the facility he
moves with is very singular. From his general ap-
pearance and complexion, he seems to enjoy a state of
health remarkably good. The frequent obtrusion ofa
man naturally stout and well made, but now so miser-
ably mutilated as he is, having excited the curiosity of
great numbers of people daily passing through the most
crowded thoroughfares of the metropolis, has been the
leading motive of this account, and the striking repre-
sentation of his person here given.”

The likeness is very good. Among the stories
told of him, one was that his ample earnings en-
abled him to keep two wives, and, what is more,
to keep them from quarrelling. He presided in
the evenings at a “ cadgers’ club,” planted at the
head of the table, with a wife on each side. Not
having been present at these meetings I do not
ask anybody to believe this report. H. B.C.

U. U. Club.

I believe Mr. Dickens's sketch, in the Bleak
House, of the woman who haunts the various Inns
of Court, to be a clever combination of different
real characters. It is principally taken froma
stout painted old woman, long since dead, and who
I believe was really ruined by some suit in Chan-
cery, and went mad in consequence, and used to
linger about the Courts, expecting some judg-
ment to be given in her favour. Mr. Dickens
seems to have combined this woman's painful his-
tory with the person and appearance of the dimi-
nutive creature mentioned by Mr. Avrrep Gat.
This latter personage is the daughter of a man for
many years bedmaker in one of the Inns ol
Court (I think Gray's Inn), and much of her
eccentricity is assumed, as, when begging from
the few lawyers who are old enough to remember
her father as their bedmaker, no one is more
rational and collected. Though this little woman
is well known from her singular appearance a
demeanour, there is no romance about her
history, and her craziness (if it really exists) 18 not
to be attributed to the Court of Chancery,—*

| which, as it is in the position of the dying lion ®

a ee

. 129,

———_

vortrait
[useum,
Torsey,
‘eets of
rust 30,
is not

s to say,
> public,
of both
removes
wooden
rse, and
-alamity
e at the
Ww fifty.
g of the
‘ility he
oral ap-
state of
ion of a
) miser-
iosity of
the most
been the
t repre-

. stories
ngs en-
; more,
ided in
| at the
. Not

do not
[. B. C.

| Bleak
us Inns
ifferent
from a
nd who
1 Chan-
used to
» judg:
Dickens
ful his-
e dimi-
GatTr.
man for
Inns of

of her
1g from
nembert
is more

woman
nce and
rer real
3) is not
ry, —at
, lion in

Aprit 17. 1852.

the fable, every donkey (I mean no disrespect to |

Mr. Dickens) must have its fling.

If any correspondent really feels an interest in
this little creature’s history, | can undertake, with
very little trouble, to supply the fullest particulars.

B. N.C.

Oxford.

Although I have for many years ceased to be
an inhabitant of the metropolis, Iam much gra-

tified at the suggested record of these worthies, |

and think it would be a most interesting book,
were truthful particulars got together concerning
them, with good portraits — I mean striking like-
nesses—of these beings, who, as Atrrep Gatty
observes, “‘come like shadows, so depart.” I
will inform him something about the “ half-
gant,” of whom Charles Lamb says, that he
“was brought low during the riots of London.”
almost doubt this, for just about then he lived
in the parish of St. Mary-le-Strand; indeed,
before then, my grandfather was there overseer,
or otherwise a parochial authority, and he had
him apprehended and imprisoned as a rogue
and a vagabond. I have often heard my father
tak about him; indeed he knew this man well,
md I regret that I have forgotten his name. He
always spoke of him as having been a sailor, and
that he kad his legs carried away by a cannon-ball.
This burly beggar had two daughters, to each of
whom he is said to have given 5002. on her wed-
ding ; and it was also said he left a handsome sum
of money at his death. But, doubtless, some
curious correspondent will be able to forward the
desideratum with farther information. I only tell
the little I know.

The old porter, John, at the King’s printing-
office, whom I remember as quite a character,
“N. & Q.” have peculiar facilities to immortalise.
We sexagenarians all remember the blackee at
the crossing by Waithman's in Bridge Street. He
was said to have died very rich, and reported to
have sold his “ walk,” when he retired from busi-
ness, for 10002,

But other “ characters” might amusingly be in-
troduced, such as those two or three last roses in
summer who continue to wear pig-tails or panta-

ns. I would even not omit Baron Maseres, and
such peculiarities — the German with his Bible and
beard, without a hat—et hoc genus omne. ‘There
8a large work of the kind, exhibiting portraits
and biographies of these illustrious personages in
Edinburgh ; it is now scarce and valuable.

I re- |

member spending a most interesting evening over |

it with a Scotchman, who knew and described
many of the characters developed. B. B.
Pembroke.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

STONE PILLAR WORSHIP.
(Vol. v., p. 121.)

Sir J. Emerson Tennent has accumulated many
interesting particulars, but by no means exhausted
the subject. O'Brien, in his Essay on the Round
Towers, advocates the opinion of their being idola-
trous objects — remnants of Buddhism. ‘The Lia
fail is celebrated in Irish history. The episcopal
city of Elphin has its name from a celebrated
pillar stone, which remained erect until Charles II.’s
time, when it fell in accordance with an ancient
prophecy. This is attested by the cotemporary
evidence of O'Flaherty. Clogher has its name
from another celebrated stone, designated “The
Golden Stone,” which I believe was oracular.
There was in the city of Dublin, until recently,
a curious remnant of this veneration for stones,
and in which we could probably trace the trans-
ition from the Pagan to the Christian usage. At
the base of the tower of St. Audoen’s Church was
a rude-looking stone, something like a spud-post,
let into the wall, but so as to abut upon the street.
On the upper part of this stone was carved a cross
in very low relief. ‘The stone was designated
“The Lucky Stone,” and the lower classes of the
people, especially hawkers and itinerant vendors of
small wares, believed that their success in business
depended on their making a daily visit to this
stone, which they kissed; and thus a portion of
the stone became perfectly smooth and polished.
There was a tradition, too, that, whenever the
stone was removed, it was miraculously conveyed
back to its place. Thus it was said to have been
stolen away to Galway, but to have been restored
to its original site on the following day. However
this may be, it remained attached to the church
tower until about the year 1828, when some altera-
tions being made in the church, it disappeared
from its place. The belief was, that one of the
churchwardens, a man in trade, had removed the
stone into his own place of business, with a view of
engrossing all the luck to himself. Whether he
succeeded or not, I do not know; but after an in-
terval of twenty years the identical stone re-
appeared in front of a large Roman Catholic
chapel lately erected near St. Audoen’s Church.
It remained there, a conspicuous and well-remem-
bered object, near the donation-box, which it per-
haps assisted; but about six months ago it again
disappeared, having been removed, 1 know not
where. m. Es

ON A PASSAGE IN HAMLET, ACT I. SC, 4,
(Vol. v., p. 169.)
Theobald long since observed —
* «T do not remember a passage throughout our poet's
works more intricate and depraved in the text, of less
meaning to outward appearance, or more likely to
baffle the attempt of criticism in its aid.”

He then proposes his reading :
“ The dram of base
Doth all the noble substance of worth out
To bis own seandal ;”
observing that “the dram of base” means the
alloy of baseness or vice, and that it is frequent
with our poet to use the adjective of quality in-
stead of the substantive signifying the thing.
It would be tedious to enumerate all the hapless
attempts at emendation which have been subse-

we made, but I must be allowed to refer to |
opted by Mr. Sincgr as long since as the |

that ac
year 1826, when he vindicated the original read-
ing, doubt, from the unnecessary meddling of
Steevens and Malone. Mar. Sixcer thus printed
the passage :
« The dram of bale
Doth all the noble substance often doubt,
To bis own scandal,”

Bale was most probably preferred to base as
more euphonous, and nearer to the word eale in
the first quarto; but Mr. S. would now perhaps
adopt base, as suggested by the word ease, in the
second quarto, for the reasons given by Theobald
and your correspondent A. E. B.

It is evident that dout cannot have been the
poet's word, for, as your correspondent remarks,
the meaning is obviously, that “the dram of base”
renders all the noble substance doubtful or sus-
picious, not that it extinguishes it altogether. This
will appear from what precedes :

“Or by some habit that too much o’erleavens
The form of plausive manners,” &c.

Under present impressions, therefore, I should
prefer, as the least deviation from the old copies,
to read:

« The dram of base

Doth, all the noble substance o'er, a doubt,

To his own scandal :”
i.e. doth cast a doubt over all the noble substance,
bring into suspect all the noble qualities by the
leaven of one dram of baseness. ‘This, according
to your correspondent’s own showing, is the very
sense required by the context, “ the base doth doubt
to the noble, i. e. imparts doubt to it, or renders it
doubtful.” And when we recollect the frequent
use of the elision o'er for over by the poet, and
the ease with which of might be substituted for it
by the compositor, I cannot but think it conclusive.
To me the proposed reading, “ offer doubt,” does
not convey a meaning quite so clear and unequi-
vocal,

Conjectural emendation of the text of our great
poet is always to be made with extreme caution,
and that reading which will afford a clear sense,
with the slightest deviation from the first editions,
is always to be preferred. The errors are chiefly
typographical, and often clearly perceptible, but
they are also not unfrequently perplexing.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

}
|

| oecasion have countenanced such a wide de

[No. 129,

That Mr. Cortrer and Mr. Kyrenrt, who dp
not often sin in this way, should on the present
ture
from the old copies as to read ill and ma
well have surprised A. E. B., as it certainly did

Periercus Bis.iocruiys,

“THE MAN IN THE ALMANACK.”
(Vol. v., p. 320.)

Nat Lee’s Mani th’ Almanack stuck with Ping
has no reference to “ pricking for fortunes ;” but
to the figure of a man surrounded by the signs of
the zodiac found in old almanacks, and intended
to indicate the favourable, adverse, or indifferent
periods for bloodletting. From the various signs
are lines drawn to various parts of the naked figure;
and these lines give it very much the appearance
of being stuck with pins.

I have not ready access to any old English al-
manacks; but a German one of the early part of
the sixteenth century contained the figure as above
described, with this inscription :

“In dieser Figur sihet man in welchem
Zeichen gut, mittel, oder boss lassen sey.”
Surrounding the frame, the words “ giit,”
“ mittel,” or “ béss” are placed against each sign
of the zodiac from which the lines are drawn;
and underneath the figure are the following verses:
“Im Glentz und in des Sommers zeit,
So lass du auff der rechten seyt,
In Winters zeit, und in dem Herbst,
Auff der lincken; —dass du nit sterbst.”

Some former possessor has written on the mar-
gin:

“ Signa ceeli sunt 12. sq" :

“ Quatuor loni: Aries, Libra, Sagittarius, et Aqua-
Tius,

“Et etiam quatuor medii, sq". :
Scorpio, et Pisces.

“ Et quatuor mali; Geminij, Leo, Capricornus, et
Taurus.”

Similar figures no doubt occur in our old
English almanacks. I will merely add that the
figure above described is pasted on the back of the
title-page of an edition of Regimen Sanitatis, with
an interlineary version in German verse, bearing
the following imprint: “ Impressum Auguste per
Johannem Froschauer, Anno Di mpij.” 4to. _

The book also bears a German title, which, as it
mentions the subject of bloodletting [lassen], I
may as well transcribe: @ Diss ist das Regiment
der Gesuntheyt durch all monat des ganzen iars, wie
man sich halten sol mit essen und trincken, und auck
von lassen. I presume that the rules for blood-
letting which accompany the old almanacks are
chiefly derived from this Regimen Sanitatis, which
is founded upon that of the school of Salerno, 3%
they form a principal feature in its precepts.

Cancro, Virgo,

BEEee ._\&

129,
ho do
arture

> ma
did .
HILUS,

| Ping
” but
zns of
ended
Terent

igure;
ance

sh al-
art of
above

sit,
hb sign
Pawn ;
erses:

Aqua-
Virgo,
jus, et

r old
it the
of the
with
raring
ve per

, as it
nj, I
riment
“s, wie
1 auch
lood-
‘3 are
which
no, a3

Apt 17. 1852.] NOTES AND QUERIES. 379

This edition of the book does not appear to have
been known to Sir Alexander Croke: I will there-
fore give the general precepts for the twelve
nonths which are prefixed to it.

ss {i cibum vina ad
tu sumas pro medicina,
’ Non minuas, non balnearis,
Februarius 4 Mala ne patiaris.
‘ Hic assature
Marcius tibi sunt balnea quoque cure.
- Ut vivas sane minuas venam
Aprilis Medieinam.

M { Carnes arescentes
aay non sume sed recentes,
Sanus eris totus
si fons erit tibi potus,
Ut tua te vita

Junius

Julius non vitas balnea vita.
— Potio te ledit
me te quippe minutio sedat.

Tempore Septembris
September prodest agrimonia membris.

Sumere que potes
October et musti pocula potes.

Hoc tibi seire datur
we quod reuma Novembri curatur,
z: Potio sit sana

atque minutio bona.

D Sit tepidus potus
mnber { frigort contrarie totus,”

Such were the oe dietetics, and the alma- |

mcks were made the vehicle of communicating
them. As late as the year 1659, Edmund Gayton,
author of the Festivous Notes on Don Quizote,

put forth a book in verse entitled The Art of

Longevity, or a Dietetical Institution. He had
graduated in physic at Oxford, but in his book he

| As lodged in my memory, the third line was,— .
“ But this I’m sure I know full well.”

| That Dr. Fell, with some learning and a cha-
racter for loyalty, had somewhat in him which a
| discerning observer could not like, is become
notorious since the publication of his correspond-
ence with the obsequious and unprincipled Earl
of Sunderland respecting Locke, whom James II.
wished the Dean to deprive of the income he re-
ceived as a student of Christ Church. (See Ap-
pendix to Fox’s History of Early Part of Reign of
James II.) Dr. Fell there tells the Earl that he
had long watched Mr. Locke, and made “strict in-
quiries,” but that no person had ever heard him
speak a word against the government. He adds,
that language disparaging Locke's political friends
had frequently been used for the treacherous pur-
pose of ——s such replies as might have been
used to his ruin, but hitherto all in vain; and that,
as he had withdrawn to the Continent, some other
plan must now be adopted. He accordingly pro-
poses a mode of ensnaring him, subjoining, that if
the King would simply order his expulsion, the
mandate should be obeyed, without asking for any
proof of his deserving such a sentence. ‘This was
| accordingly done ; but in two short years the cir-
| cumstances of all the parties were changed. The
Bishop and Dean was gone to appear before Him
who has said, “ Ye shall do no unrighteousness in
judgment ;” the King had withdrawn to the Conti-
| nent, expelled by his own terrors, and deprived of

his inheritance ; Locke was returning to his native

land, to be counted one of its chief ornaments ;

the Earl of Sunderland had betrayed his master,

and was desiring to be allowed to do any dirty

work for another. H.W.

plays the part of a Merry Andrew more than that |

ofa physician. The book, however, is curious as

as rare. S. W. Sincer.
|

EPIGRAM ON DR. FELL.
(Vol. v., pp. 296. 333.)

Your correspondent E. F. may very probably |

have been informed, by ladies intimate with the
Sheridan family, that Tom Sheridan composed the

lines on Dr. Fell, respecting whose author and |

subject inquiries were made by a querist in
yee 296.; but it is nevertheless quite untrue.

¥ memory of those lines goes back to a date
tarlier than Tom Sheridan's capacity for writing
a2 epigram; and this on Dr. Fell may be found, if
memory does not deceive me, in the Elegant Ex-

Replies ta Minor Queries.
Verses in Prose.—I consider the following not
| to be an instance of casual versification by prose
authors :

“ Fides antiquitatis religione firmatur. Stato tem-
pore in sylvam,

‘ Auguriis patrum et prisca formidine sacram,’
omnes ejusdem sanguinis populi legationibus coé-
unt.” — Tucit, Germ. cap. 39.

But I consider it to be a quotation from some lost
Roman poet. It is too lofty and sonorous to be
casual, though such quotations are unusual to
the historian. A.N.

tracts in Verse, of a date at least as early as Tom |

Sheridan's work. The subject of the epigram was
Dr. Fell, who held the deanery of Christ Church
with the bishopric of Oxford, in the times of
Charles IT. and James II. Its author probably
put it into circulation anonymously, as is usual
With such brief specimens of personal satire.

Stops, when first introduced (Vol. v., pp. 1.
133., &c.). — In order to assist Sir Henry Evtis
in his inquiry into the use of stops in the early
days of typography, I examined some of the ear-
lier specimens of printing which my library
afforded, and made the following notes. P.'T. had

es

380

not found the semicolon earlier than 1636, with the
exception of Gerard’s Herbal, 1597. It is, how-
ever, probable that the communication of A. J. H.
(p. 164.), by which it appears that the semicolon
was used in 1585, may render my notes of no
use. However, I send my contribution, such as
it is.

In an edition of Latimer’s Sermons, small 4to.,
black letter, judged to be the edition of 1584, the
stop in question is not found. The note of inter-
rogation is very curiously formed,—a colon sur-
mounted by a comma, thus. I might also ob-

NOTES AND QUERIES.

!

[No. 129,

| when he polled his head . . . he weighed the hair
| of his head at two hundred shekels after the king's

serve that, to one of such limited knowledge as |

myself, the paging is singular,—only one numeral
on each leaf.

In Caroli Sigonii de Republica Hebreorum, libri
vij, Hanoviw, 1608, no semicolon occurs. But in
Purchas’ Pilgrimage, 1613, all the four stops are
used,
Myracles, 1618. S.S. S.

Rev. Nathaniel Spinckes (Vol. v., p. 273.).—Anne
Spinckes married Anthony Cope, Esq., second son

So also in The Spanish Mandevile of

weight ;” which suggests a solution of the diffic ty
which has puzzled many commentators, who, to
make Absalom’s hair of the full weight, have to
suppose that it was plastered with pomatum and
sprinkled with gold dust :

“ Y° lesser shekel weighed a quarter of an ounce, y*
greater half an ounce. We cannot therefore suppose
y* y® loppings of Absalom’s hair weighed either 59
or 100 oz. But yt w® it was cut off his serv might
have sold it for 12" 10* or 25" to y* Ladys of Jer-
salem, who were ambitious of adorning y" heads w* y'
Hair of y* beautifull Absalom: w™ y* locks of y
i

It is recorded that when Absalom was buried
“they laid a very great heap of stones on him.”

| Was this in detestation and abhorrence (cf,

| of a prince and chief ?

of Sir John Cope, fifth baronet, but had no issue. |

—See Debrett’s Baronetage. S. L. P.

Oxford and Cambridge Club.
“Twas they,” §c. (Vol. v., p. 10.).—

“*T was they unsheath’d the ruthless blade,
And Heaven shall ask the havock it has made.”

Amicus asks where this couplet is to be found.

It appears to me that it has been derived from an |
imperfect translation of the last two lines of Mar- |

tial’s epigram, L. iv. Ep. 44., in which he describes
the effects of a recent eruption of Vesuvius :
“ Cuncta jacent flammis, et tristi mersa favilla :
Nec Superi vellent hoe licuisse sibi.”
It is a petit morgeau of heathen blasphemy, in
supposing that the gods ought to repent of what
they have done. W. N. D.
Madrigal, Meaning of (Vol. v., p. 104.).—NEmo
will find all that I could collect upon this subject
in the introduction to my Bibliotheca Madrigaliana,
published by J. Russell Smith, 8vo., 1847.
Epwarp F. Rimpacrr.

Absalom's Hair (Vol. iv., pp. 131. 243.).— In
answer to P. P., who says that “ Absalom’s long
hair had nothing to do with bis death, his head
itself, and not the hair upon it, having been caught
in the boughs of the tree,” Rr. refers to the “re-
spectable antiquity ” of the popular tradition. In
the Vulgate edition of the Bible (Venetiis, 1760,
ex Typographia Balleoniana) there is a rude wood-
cut, evidently of much older date than 1760, in
which Absalom is represented as hanging by his
hair. Perhaps some of your correspondents can
mention similar woodcuts of a far earlier date.

In a family Bible (black letter, 1634), I find

the following MS. note on 2 Sam. xiv. 26.: “ And

Joshua vii. 26., viii. 29.), or in honourable memory
If the former, did it give
rise to the custom of flinging stones in the graves
of malefactors ? Curnpert Bene, B.A.
Bowbell (Vol. v., pp. 28. 140. 212.), — Several
of your correspondents have pointed out instances
of the use of the word Bowbell as nearly synony-
mous with Cockney. The following lines are, I
believe, of earlier date than any which have been
quoted on this subject ; but it is not quite clear
in what sense the word Bowbell is there used.
They are from a satirical poem by John Skelton,
who died in 1529; and the subject of them is Sir
Thomas More.
“« But now we have a knight
That is a man of might,
All armed for to fight,
To put the truth to flight
By Bowbell policy.”
JUVENIS.

Quid est Episcopus? (Vol. v., p. 255.).—I
know not to whom Bingham may refer these
words in the edition of 1843 ; but in that of 1840
he expressly refers them to “the author of the
Questions upon the Old and New Testament, unter
the name of St. Austin.” But, the spurious book
being part of the collection printed as S. Augustin
Opera, the reference “ Aug.,” &c. very properly
occurs there “ at the foot of the page.” .).

Nightingale and Thorn (Vol. iv., pp. 175. 242.).
—As an addition to the examples already adduced
concerning this fable, I give the following :

* Come, let us set cur careful breasts,
Like Philomel, against the thorn,
To aggravate the inward grief
That makes her accents so forlorn.”
Hood, Ode to Melancholy.
Curupert Bene, B.A.

The Article “An” (Vol. v., p. 297.). —“ Hospe

tal” is to be found with the prefix “an” in Addison,

oe

j

BPeoernrnetdreseseec we Fe

0. 129,

cs

the hair
e king's
liffic ty
who, to
have to
um and

unCe, y
Suppose
ither 50
jte might
of Jeru-
ls wh y"

ks of y*

buried
n him.”
ce (ef,
memory
| it give
graves
gE, B.A.
Several
stances
ynony-
are, [
e been
e clear
ad.
Kelton,
. is Sir

IVEMIS.
.).—I
- these
of 1840
of the
under
s book
gustini
0 rly
LX
242.).
lduced

holy.

, BA.
Hospi-
dison,

Aprit 17. 1852.] NOTES AND QUERIES.

381

and probably in the works of all other writers who to superstitious observances, should at least marvel

need the word and the prefix ; but, as to there being | at these strange coincidences ?

only six words beginning with h to which the case H. W. S. Tayror.

of the said prefix will apply, t cannot assent tothe | Southampton,

assertion. Witness the following words, which | . r °

wil form decided exceptions to a supposed rule of | 1» an old annual obituary for 1712, there is mene

that kind :—Harangue, hereafter, historical, hour, | tion made of the Protector's family, and of the

hostler, het . veele, . ¢pomee Agsteric. th re ®Y | marriage of Mrs. Claypole. I think it gives the

se words in successi . . :

sent tes words sucevion ih the pre | dat required by BN bt the phreeaogy i

CLE. rather old-fashioned, and may be open to a second
interpretation. I send you the extract entire :—

The six words mentioned by Nut Nemrnt, that “ Elizabeth (and not Mary, as stated in your note)
begin with the letter A, and have the article | became the wife of John Claypole, Esquire, of North-
“an” prefixed, are not quite the same as those I | amptonshire, made Master of the Horse to the Pro-
was taught at school. ‘This is my list: “ Heir, | tector, one of his House of Lords, a Knight and
honest, honour (including honourable), hour, herb, Baronet, on July 16th, 1657, he being then Clerk of
and hospital.” Curnpert Bepe. | the Hanaper; the said Elizabeth dyed August 7th,

1658, and was buried in Henry VII.’s chappel in a

The Countess of Desmond (Vol. v., p. 323.).— | vault made on purpose.”

Having succeeded in eliciting notices of various | There is no mention of the writer’s name in the
pictures of Oliver Cromwell attributed ko Cooper, volume, but I have found such of the details re-
without discovering the original miniature be- specting the Cromwell family as I examined to
queathed to Richard Burke by Sir Joshua Rey- | .): cide with the received authorities T.O°G
nolds, [am tempted to mention that I once saw Dubli : ;
aportrait of the Countess of Desmond, hitherto —
not described by any of her biographers, but very | Rey, John Paget (Vol. iv., p. 133.; Vol. v.,
much resembling the Windsor picture and Pen- pp- 66. 280. 327.).—Will the following facts, taken
nant's engraved print, though evidently the work | from Oldfield and Dyson's History and Antiquities
of an inferior artist. ‘The portrait in question was | of Tottenham, 1790, Pp- 48—50., be of any use to
ashort time in my father’s possession, soon after | Cranmorn? He is quite right as to the substi-
the year 1800, having been delivered to him by | tution of the baptismal name James to the Baron
the executor of Mrs. Elizabeth Berkeley, an ec- | of the Exchequer, instead of John, as Dugdale
centric old lady, well known as a correspondent of | has it: for he is called “ James Pagitt, Esq.,” in
the Gentleman's Magazine, who left the picture, the inscription to his memory in Tottenham Church.
with many others, to Lord Braybrooke. But it | He was a baron from 1631 till his death in 1638.
was soon claimed by a Mr. Grimston of Sculcoates,| The authors describe him as “ son of Thomas of
n Yorkshire, who seemed to be entitled to a great | the Inner Temple, London, son of Richard Craw-
portion of the collection, and my father was glad ford, in the county of Northampton, son of Thomas
to be allowed to retain two fine views of Venice, | of Barton Seagrave, &c., in the said county.” He
painted by Canaletti for Berkeley, Bishop of | married three wives: 1. Katherine, daughter of
Cloyne, who was the father of Mrs. Berkeley's hus- | Dr, Lewin, Dean of the Arches; 2. Bridget,
band, and which are still at Audley End. Perhaps | daughter of Anthony Bowyer; and 3. Margaret,
this statement made from memory at the end of daughter of Robert Harris of Lincoln’s Inn. The
fifty years may be of no value, but it shows the | latter we find, in Ashmole’s Antiquities of Berks,
existence of another likeness of the person always | yol, iii. p. 88., had been married twice before, and
described as the Countess of Desmond, and as it that her father was of Reading.

came originally from the collection of an Irish Baron Paget had no children by his last two
amr it probably, like the lady herself, be- | wives; but by his first, besides two daughters, he
onged to the Emerald Isle. BrayBrooke. | had two sons: Justinian of Hadley, Middlesex,
Friday at; hn 200. 330.).—Strancer | Custos brevium of the Court of King’s Bench ; and

still to nate hat Ww. Fn. on aoe shomen. .
readers of “N. & Q.” must the assurance be that if CRANMoRE Cab ComEERSS 82 5S ety de-
the “Birkenhead” troop-ship (whose disastrous tails of his history, I shall feel obliged by his doing
x so. Epwarp Foss.

oss was accompanied by such a terrific sacrifice of

life), sailed from Portsmouth harbour on the 2nd | Mary Queen of Scots and Bothwell’s Confession
January last — the identical day (being a Friday) (Vol. iv., p-313.). erorvs refers, I presume,

= which the lamented Capt. Symons in the | to a document which he will find in a little volume
Amazon” left this port, no more to return. Can | entitled, Les Affaires du Comte de Bodnée, pub-

we wonder that uneducated minds, usually prone | lished at Edinburgh by the Bannatyne Club in

1829. The narrative was written in the old
French, at Copenhagen. The original is still pre-

NOTES AND QUERIES.

served in the Royal Library of the Castle of |

Drottningholm in Sweden. Bothwell wrote it on

“Ja vielle des Roys,” 1568, and appears to have |

given it to the Chevalier de Dauzay, the French
ambassador, to be communicated to the King of
Denmark. Dauzay received it on the 13th of
January, 1568, and placed it before the ministers
of the King on the 16th of January. M. Mignet,
in his history, throws discredit on this confession,
styling it “a very adroit narrative” (L' Histoire de
Marie Stuart, vol. i. appendix n.); though such a
self-crimination, at such a time, would seem to

any impartial mind to weigh strongly in favour of |

the ill-fated young queen, whose character it tends
to exculpate. F. S. A.

|
|

|

Introduction of Glass into England (Vol. v., |
p- 322.).—It is impossible to determine at what |

period the use of glass utensils for domestic pur-
poses was first introduced into this country; but
being manufactured by the Egyptians and Pheni-
cians, we may very probably owe the introduction
of it to them. Window glass appears to have been

used in the churches of France as early as the sixth |

century ; and, according to Bede, artificers skilled
in the art of glass-making were invited into
England by Abbot Benedict in the seventh cen-
tury; and the churches or monasteries of Wear-

mouth and Garrow were glazed and adorned by |

his care. Wilfrid, Bishop of Worcester, about the
same time took similar steps for substituting glass
in lieu of the heavy shutters which were then in
use; and great astonishment was excited, and
supernatural agency suspected, when the moon and
stars were seen through a material which excluded
the inclemency of the weather. York Cathedral
was glazed about the same time; and in the
eleventh and twelfth centuries, when a great sti-
mulus was given to the erection of religious edifices,
glass was generally employed in the windows. It
appears to have been used in domestic architecture
but very sparingly, till a much later period, when
it came to be gradually adopted in the residences
of the wealthy. As late as the middle of the six-
teenth century it was recommended, in a survey of
the Duke of Northumberland’s estates, that the
glass in the windows should be taken down, and
laid by in safety during the absence of the Duke

[No. 199,

nese

Buckingham, who brought over workmen from
Venice, and established a manufactory at Lambeth,
where the works were carried on suc
according to the process in use at Venice.

The first manufactory for cast plate grlase,
according to the process invented by Abrahap
Thévart, was established in 1773, at Prescot ig
Lancashire, by a society of gentlemen, to whom,
royal charter was granted, under the name of the
“ British Plate Glass Company.” DM

Maps of Africa (Vol. v., p. 236.).— As your
correspondent has no faith in Spruner, but appears
to have confidence in Kiepert, it may serve himtp
be informed that there is a General Map of Africs
by Kiepert published in 1850, and that Drs, Barth
and Overweg, the travellers in Africa, have this
map with them: also, that Kiepert published g
map of Algiers, Fez, and Morocco, Tunis, Tripoli,
&e. There is also another map by Kiepert, of
the Roman Empire in the first centuries of the
Christian era, which includes the northern coastof
Africa. 8. W.

Cromwell's Skull (Vol. v., p. 275.).— In answer
to J. P., I beg to inform him that the skull of
Cromwell is in the possession of W. A. Wilkinson,
Esq., of Beckenham, Kent, at whose house a rela-
tion of mine saw it. I have no doubt that Mr.
Wilkinson would feel pleasure in stating the argu-
ments on which the genuineness of the —
relic is based. L. W.

Miscellaneous.
NOTES ON BOOKS, ETC,

The publication of The Works of Sir Thomas Browne,
vol. iii., containing “ Urn Burial,” “ Christian Morals,”
“ Miscellanies,” “ Correspondence,” &c,, edited by
Simon Wilkins, completes this important contribe
tion to Bohn’s Antiquarian Library. We could have
wished that it had not been included in this serie,
for we fear that circumstance may deter many from

| purchasing it; and the writings of Browne may still

be read by all with interest and advantage, for,
“of the esteem of posterity,” said Johnson, “be will
not easily be deprived, while learning shall have aay
reverence among men; for there is no science ia
which he does not discover some skill; and scarce any

| kind of knowledge, profane or sacred, abstruse or ele-

and his family, and be replaced on his return; as |

this would be attended with smaller cost than the

repair rendered necessary by damage or decay. |
In Ray’s Itinerary it is mentioned that in Scotland, |

even in 1661, the windows of ordinary houses were
not glazed, and those only of the — cham-
bers of the King’s palaces had glass; the lower
ones being supplied with shutters, to admit light
and air at pleasure.

Plate glass for mirrors and coach windows was

introduced into England by the second Duke of |

gant, which he does not appear to have cultivated with
success ;” and these writings, with Mr, Wilkins’s notes,
may now be placed upon our shelves for fifteen sbil-
lings !

If, when speaking of the discovery of electro-mag-
netism by Professor Oersted, Sir John Herschel did
not hesitate to declare “that the Electric Telegraph,
and other wonders of modern science, were but mere
effervescences from the surface of this deep recondite
discovery which Oersted had liberated, and which was
yet to burst with all its mighty force upon the world,
he paid only a just compliment to the merits of te
great physicist —and he really did no more—it ob

ef

iat | 2) — fs. |

Sees), | Sees S

]

auerigereeee

-

Seaze

en from
ambeth,

e glass,
\ braham
escot in
whom a
e of the

D.M

As your

ay
e him to
of Africa
's. Barth
ave this
lished
Tripoli,
pert, of
s of the
1 coast of

8. W.
n answer
skull of
ilkinson,
e a rela
that Mr.

rei

Apri 17. 1852.]

NOTES AND QUERIES.

383

j

yious that Mr. Bohn, in giving as a new volume of his |

Scientific Library, a translation of The Soul in Nature, Rerues Receive. — Tory — Sir B. Gerbier — Amycle —
with Supplementary Contributions, by Hans Christian | Nightingale and Thorn — Cat Island — Oliver Cromwell, the
Oersted, has rendered a great service to scientific men. Whale, and the Storm — Lady Arabella Stuart — Death from Fast.

. a » dadtacst ing — Hoare’s Charity — Dr. Fell — Vellum-bound Junius —
And it would seem, moreover, from the dedication of Rhymes connected with Places — Burial Law — Plague Stones —
the translators, that in executing their labour they have | Land Holland —James Wilson, M.D.— Arkwright — Man in the

been fulfilling Oersted’s own wish, that atrue represent. | Amamact — De le Beche Momimente — Key Experiment — Collar
Scone Recarves. — The Honey ite | place of St. Patrick — Ralph Winterton — Dutch Porceiain—
for the Rail, three Essays from the Quarterly, which | Knights Templars and Freemasons — Newton, Cicero, aud Gra-
Old Countess of Desmond — Arms of Manchester — General Par-
| piece — Motto — Jeremy Taylor's Story of the Greek — Suicides —

alluded to by Bishop Berkeley.

ation of his views of nature should be presented to the Queen Elizabeth dark or fair ?—Thomas Crawfurd — Arms of
English public. | Robertson — Anagrams — Cousinship — Grin and Gin — Birth-
- : Music, and the | ') ode — Grisly — Cynthia's Dragon Yoke — The Word “ shunt”
Art of Dress. We have thus, in two handsomely and | Ta aaaion of Glass into England — License to make Malt —
+. . s18s ae N <™ : | ¢ Article “an” — Coleridge's Friend — Longevity — Mary
legibly printed shilling numbers of Murray’s Reading Queen of Scots and Bothwelf's Confession — Meaning of Hyrnc—
all who have read them will be glad to read again, and | 7 me wf Death — — Carcy’s Chickens — Meaning
which all will gladly read who never read before, ee Se ee
| dons — Edward Bagshaw —Sleck Stone — Earl of Errol — Be-
| holden — Bee-park — Doctrine of the Resurrection — Chimney-
| —Tenor Bell at Margate — Maps of Africa — Monumental
| Portraits — Constable of Scotland — Town Ha.ls — Nobieman

E. A. H. L.'s letters have been forwarded to C. S.

AGaTnHa's former Query did not reach us.

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YOBINSON’S GREEK LEXI-

\& CON TO THE NEW TESTAMENT,
Condensed for Schools and Students; with a
PARSING INDEX, contai:ing the Words
which occur, and showing their derivations.

This Le.ricon will be found to be the fullest and
Levicon to the Greek Testa-
ment, which has yet been published, ata moek -
vate price. It is compiled from Dr. Robinson's
large work, but on comparison it will be found
that nothing really essential has been omitted,

For the sake of the many private studeats who,
not having had the benefit af a regular classical
education, are pursuing twir studies under
great disadvantages, a Parsing Index is ap-
pended which gives the forms of call the words as
they occur in the Testament, with a reference to
the word from which they are derived.

“ Making use of the well-directed labour and
well-earned fame of Dr. Robinson's * Lexicon,’
an English editor prepares this condensed work
for the use of schools and students. Utility is
the main object aimed at, so far as the young
scholar is concerned, and therefore those parts
of the original work are most fully given which
are most essential to those who are only learn-
ers. Thus the inflexions of all verbs in any
degree irregular appear in the ir orders, and in
an appendix a copious parsing index is given.

* Dr. Robinson's Lexicon aimed at being also
a concordance, and almost all passages of im-
»ortance were referred to under each word ;
nere there is only a selection of those references
thought either most striking or most varied.
neral, the editing of the k manifests
judgment, and in some points, special care has
been bestowed; as in the Explanations and
Illustrations of the use of the Particles — a sub-
ject in which English-Greek Lexicons are
usually deficient. For those who have only a
slight knowledge of the Greek language, no
Lexicon will be found more useful than * Ro-
binson’s Lexicon Condensed.’ — Literary
Gazette, Nov. 22. 1851.

most comprehensive

“ This is a well-executed and useful conden-
sation of the last edition of Dr. Robinson's ex-
cellent Lexicon. The abridgment has been
mainly effected by the reduction of the num-
ber of examples given in the larger work. Dr.
Robinson aimed to make his book not merely
a Lexicon, but a Concordance ; and, therefore,
prints far more examples (where they exist)
than is necessary to elucidate the meaning or
construction ;: ¢. g., if the phrase occurs six or

ht times, he cites every passage containing

Whatever advantage this plan might pos-

sess in the original work, it could not be suited
to one intended sv for learners ; the pre-
sent editor has, therefore, found the chief op-
— nity for the exercise of his judgment in
he selection from them of the « xamples really
necessary, apart from the idea of making the
work a concordance, and this task seems to
have been executed by a skilful hand; and
notwithstanding the great reduction of bul
and, consequently, of cost, the work remains
quite adequate for the purposes of learners and
echool purposes, and is, indeed, the best adapted
to this use of any that has fallen under our
notice. A serviceable Parsing Index is ap-
pended, extending to fifty-five pages. y rd ”
a feature only to be found in * Dawson's Le
con,’ which is useless as a pd to the critic al
study of the New Testament. itto’s Jour-
nal af Sacred Liierature.

“We can honestly recommend this Con-
densed Lexicon to students of the Greek New
Testament. The Parsing Index is inv aluable
to those who have not been prepared, by clas-
sical discipline in Gt amimar, to sce,at a glance
the derivations of words, and the tt and
tenses of verbs. The inf
verbs, the analysis of ¢
varied and delicate uses of
Lebrew writers, and the well-selected ¢ zamp les
of interpretation, given so clearly and con-
cisely, that we know not any other book so
thoroughly adapted to the purpose. We are
not informed who the E ditor is as cer-
tainly undertaken a done it
admirably Ectecti .

“ We have no hesitatic
ever the editor may be

his work
well. Every word oc .

Printed by Tomas C rark Snaw, of No.8, New Street Square, at No. 5. New Street Square, in the Parish of St. Bride, in the City of
: leet Street, in the Parish of St. Dunstan in the West, in the City of London, Publisher, at

17, 1852,

t fished by Geoner Bett,
leet Street aforesaid. — Saturday, April

| father-in-law, her

NOTES AND QUERIES.

tament is correctly explained and amply illus-
trated with suitable examples. An excellent
idea, not merely of the various shades of mean-
ing which each is capable of bearing, but also
of the different combinations into which it
enters, may be gathered from the phrases
quoted or referred to. All Hebraisms and
peculiar constructions are fully exemplified.

Great attention is given to the prepositions and
partic ~ which pls so important a part in the
Gree uage. Peculiarities of inflection are
stated, - the derivation is explained, gene-

rally with undoubted accuracy, A vocabulary
is given at the end, by consulting which even
those who have but slender acquaintance with
Greek grammar may without difficulty parse
every word in the Testament A thencewm.

GEORGE BELL, 186. Fleet Street.

TOMB OF
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| ae in two drawings age in the

re, and also for

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Or to Messrs. Reeve, Henrietta Street, Covent
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